Add Flask web UI, Docker Compose, core engine + tests

- physcom core: CLI, 5-pass pipeline, SQLite repo, 37 tests - physcom_web: Flask app with HTMX for entity/domain/pipeline/results CRUD - Docker Compose: web + cli services sharing a named volume for the DB - Clean up local settings to use wildcard permissions Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-02-18 13:59:53 -06:00
parent 6e0f82835a
commit 8118a62242
54 changed files with 3505 additions and 1 deletions
--- a/.claude/settings.local.json
+++ b/.claude/settings.local.json
@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
 {
  "permissions": {
    "allow": [
-      "Bash(git -C \"/c/Users/simonan/OneDrive - Ecolab/Documents/Github/physicalCombinatorics\" log --oneline --all)"
+      "Bash(git *)",
+      "Bash(pip install *)",
+      "Bash(python -m pytest *)",
+      "Bash(python -m physcom *)",
+      "Bash(python -m physcom_web *)",
+      "Bash(python -c *)"
    ]
  }
 }
--- a/.dockerignore
+++ b/.dockerignore
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+__pycache__/
+*.pyc
+*.egg-info/
+.pytest_cache/
+.ruff_cache/
+data/
+.git/
+.claude/
+.venv/
+*.md
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -174,3 +174,6 @@ cython_debug/
 # PyPI configuration file
 .pypirc

+# Project data
+data/
+
--- a/14
+++ b/14
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+FROM python:3.13-slim AS base
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+COPY pyproject.toml .
+COPY src/ src/
+
+RUN pip install --no-cache-dir ".[web]"
+
+VOLUME /app/data
+ENV PHYSCOM_DB=/app/data/physcom.db
+
+EXPOSE 5000
+CMD ["python", "-m", "physcom_web"]
--- a/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/docker-compose.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+services:
+  web:
+    build: .
+    ports:
+      - "5000:5000"
+    volumes:
+      - physcom-data:/app/data
+    environment:
+      - PHYSCOM_DB=/app/data/physcom.db
+      - FLASK_SECRET_KEY=${FLASK_SECRET_KEY:-physcom-dev-key}
+    restart: unless-stopped
+
+  cli:
+    build: .
+    volumes:
+      - physcom-data:/app/data
+    environment:
+      - PHYSCOM_DB=/app/data/physcom.db
+    entrypoint: ["python", "-m", "physcom"]
+    profiles: [cli]
+
+  # Future: replace SQLite with a dedicated DB service
+  # db:
+  #   image: postgres:16
+  #   volumes:
+  #     - pgdata:/var/lib/postgresql/data
+  #   environment:
+  #     - POSTGRES_DB=physcom
+  #     - POSTGRES_USER=physcom
+  #     - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=${POSTGRES_PASSWORD}
+
+volumes:
+  physcom-data:
+  # pgdata:
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+[build-system]
+requires = ["setuptools>=68.0", "wheel"]
+build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
+
+[project]
+name = "physcom"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = "Physical Combinatorics — innovation via attribute mixing"
+requires-python = ">=3.11"
+dependencies = [
+    "click>=8.1",
+]
+
+[project.optional-dependencies]
+dev = [
+    "pytest>=7.0",
+]
+web = [
+    "flask>=3.0",
+]
+
+[project.scripts]
+physcom = "physcom.cli:main"
+physcom-web = "physcom_web.app:run"
+
+[tool.setuptools.packages.find]
+where = ["src"]
+
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+testpaths = ["tests"]
--- a/src/physcom/init.py
+++ b/src/physcom/init.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""Physical Combinatorics — innovation via attribute mixing."""
--- a/src/physcom/main.py
+++ b/src/physcom/main.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+"""Allow `python -m physcom` to work."""
+from physcom.cli import main
+
+main()
--- a/src/physcom/cli.py
+++ b/src/physcom/cli.py
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+"""CLI entry point for Physical Combinatorics."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import click
+
+from physcom.db.schema import init_db
+from physcom.db.repository import Repository
+
+DEFAULT_DB = Path("data/physcom.db")
+
+
+def _get_repo(db_path: str | None = None) -> Repository:
+    path = Path(db_path) if db_path else DEFAULT_DB
+    conn = init_db(path)
+    return Repository(conn)
+
+
+@click.group()
+@click.option("--db", default=None, help="Path to SQLite database")
+@click.pass_context
+def main(ctx, db):
+    """Physical Combinatorics — innovation via attribute mixing."""
+    ctx.ensure_object(dict)
+    ctx.obj["db"] = db
+
+
+@main.command()
+@click.pass_context
+def init(ctx):
+    """Create database and initialize schema."""
+    repo = _get_repo(ctx.obj["db"])
+    click.echo(f"Database initialized at {repo.conn.execute('PRAGMA database_list').fetchone()[2]}")
+
+
+@main.command()
+@click.argument("seed_name")
+@click.pass_context
+def seed(ctx, seed_name):
+    """Load seed data (e.g., 'transport')."""
+    repo = _get_repo(ctx.obj["db"])
+    if seed_name == "transport":
+        from physcom.seed.transport_example import load_transport_seed
+        counts = load_transport_seed(repo)
+        click.echo(f"Loaded transport seed: {counts}")
+    else:
+        click.echo(f"Unknown seed: {seed_name}. Available: transport")
+
+
+@main.group()
+def entity():
+    """Manage entities."""
+    pass
+
+
+@entity.command("list")
+@click.option("--dimension", "-d", default=None, help="Filter by dimension")
+@click.pass_context
+def entity_list(ctx, dimension):
+    """List entities."""
+    repo = _get_repo(ctx.obj["db"])
+    entities = repo.list_entities(dimension=dimension)
+    if not entities:
+        click.echo("No entities found.")
+        return
+    current_dim = None
+    for e in entities:
+        if e.dimension != current_dim:
+            current_dim = e.dimension
+            click.echo(f"\n[{current_dim}]")
+        dep_count = len(e.dependencies)
+        click.echo(f"  {e.id:3d}. {e.name} ({dep_count} deps)")
+
+
+@entity.command("add")
+@click.argument("dimension")
+@click.argument("name")
+@click.option("--description", "-d", default="", help="Entity description")
+@click.pass_context
+def entity_add(ctx, dimension, name, description):
+    """Add an entity to a dimension."""
+    from physcom.models.entity import Entity
+    repo = _get_repo(ctx.obj["db"])
+    entity = Entity(name=name, dimension=dimension, description=description)
+    repo.add_entity(entity)
+    click.echo(f"Added entity '{name}' to dimension '{dimension}' (id={entity.id})")
+
+
+@main.group()
+def domain():
+    """Manage domains."""
+    pass
+
+
+@domain.command("list")
+@click.pass_context
+def domain_list(ctx):
+    """List domains."""
+    repo = _get_repo(ctx.obj["db"])
+    domains = repo.list_domains()
+    if not domains:
+        click.echo("No domains found.")
+        return
+    for d in domains:
+        metric_info = ", ".join(
+            f"{mb.metric_name}(w={mb.weight})" for mb in d.metric_bounds
+        )
+        click.echo(f"  {d.name}: {d.description}")
+        click.echo(f"    metrics: {metric_info}")
+
+
+@main.command()
+@click.argument("domain_name")
+@click.option("--passes", "-p", default="1,2,3", help="Comma-separated pass numbers to run")
+@click.option("--threshold", "-t", default=0.1, type=float, help="Score threshold for pass 3")
+@click.option("--dimensions", "-d", default="platform,power_source",
+              help="Comma-separated dimension names")
+@click.pass_context
+def run(ctx, domain_name, passes, threshold, dimensions):
+    """Run the viability pipeline for a domain."""
+    repo = _get_repo(ctx.obj["db"])
+    domain = repo.get_domain(domain_name)
+    if not domain:
+        click.echo(f"Domain '{domain_name}' not found.")
+        return
+
+    from physcom.engine.constraint_resolver import ConstraintResolver
+    from physcom.engine.scorer import Scorer
+    from physcom.engine.pipeline import Pipeline
+
+    resolver = ConstraintResolver()
+    scorer = Scorer(domain)
+    pass_list = [int(p.strip()) for p in passes.split(",")]
+    dim_list = [d.strip() for d in dimensions.split(",")]
+
+    pipeline = Pipeline(repo, resolver, scorer, llm=None)
+    click.echo(f"Running pipeline for '{domain_name}' (passes={pass_list}, threshold={threshold})")
+    click.echo(f"Dimensions: {dim_list}")
+
+    result = pipeline.run(domain, dim_list, score_threshold=threshold, passes=pass_list)
+
+    click.echo(f"\nResults:")
+    click.echo(f"  Total combinations: {result.total_generated}")
+    click.echo(f"  Pass 1 — valid: {result.pass1_valid}, "
+               f"conditional: {result.pass1_conditional}, "
+               f"blocked: {result.pass1_blocked}")
+    if 2 in pass_list:
+        click.echo(f"  Pass 2 — estimated: {result.pass2_estimated}")
+    if 3 in pass_list:
+        click.echo(f"  Pass 3 — above threshold: {result.pass3_above_threshold}")
+    if 4 in pass_list:
+        click.echo(f"  Pass 4 — LLM reviewed: {result.pass4_reviewed}")
+
+
+@main.command()
+@click.argument("domain_name")
+@click.option("--top", "-n", default=10, type=int, help="Number of top results to show")
+@click.pass_context
+def results(ctx, domain_name, top):
+    """View top-N results for a domain."""
+    repo = _get_repo(ctx.obj["db"])
+    top_results = repo.get_top_results(domain_name, limit=top)
+    if not top_results:
+        click.echo(f"No results for domain '{domain_name}'.")
+        return
+
+    click.echo(f"\nTop {len(top_results)} results for '{domain_name}':\n")
+    for i, r in enumerate(top_results, 1):
+        combo = r["combination"]
+        entity_names = " + ".join(e.name for e in combo.entities)
+        click.echo(f"  {i:2d}. [{r['composite_score']:.4f}] {entity_names}")
+        if r["novelty_flag"]:
+            click.echo(f"      novelty: {r['novelty_flag']}")
+        if r["llm_review"]:
+            click.echo(f"      review: {r['llm_review'][:100]}")
+        if r["human_notes"]:
+            click.echo(f"      notes: {r['human_notes'][:100]}")
+
+
+@main.command()
+@click.argument("combination_id", type=int)
+@click.pass_context
+def review(ctx, combination_id):
+    """Interactive human review of a combination."""
+    repo = _get_repo(ctx.obj["db"])
+    combo = repo.get_combination(combination_id)
+    if not combo:
+        click.echo(f"Combination {combination_id} not found.")
+        return
+
+    entity_names = " + ".join(e.name for e in combo.entities)
+    click.echo(f"\nCombination #{combo.id}: {entity_names}")
+    click.echo(f"Status: {combo.status}")
+    if combo.block_reason:
+        click.echo(f"Block reason: {combo.block_reason}")
+
+    click.echo("\nEntities:")
+    for e in combo.entities:
+        click.echo(f"  [{e.dimension}] {e.name}: {e.description}")
+        for dep in e.dependencies:
+            click.echo(f"    {dep.constraint_type}: {dep.key}={dep.value}"
+                       f"{f' ({dep.unit})' if dep.unit else ''}")
+
+    novelty = click.prompt(
+        "\nNovelty flag (novel/exists/researched/skip)", default="skip"
+    )
+    notes = click.prompt("Human notes (or empty)", default="")
+
+    if novelty != "skip" or notes:
+        # Get all domains this combo has results for
+        rows = repo.conn.execute(
+            "SELECT domain_id, composite_score FROM combination_results WHERE combination_id = ?",
+            (combo.id,),
+        ).fetchall()
+        for row in rows:
+            repo.save_result(
+                combo.id, row["domain_id"], row["composite_score"],
+                pass_reached=5,
+                novelty_flag=novelty if novelty != "skip" else None,
+                human_notes=notes or None,
+            )
+        repo.update_combination_status(combo.id, "reviewed")
+        click.echo("Review saved.")
+
+
+@main.command()
+@click.argument("domain_name")
+@click.option("--format", "fmt", default="md", help="Export format (md)")
+@click.option("--top", "-n", default=20, type=int, help="Number of results to export")
+@click.option("--output", "-o", default=None, help="Output file path")
+@click.pass_context
+def export(ctx, domain_name, fmt, top, output):
+    """Export results to a report."""
+    repo = _get_repo(ctx.obj["db"])
+    top_results = repo.get_top_results(domain_name, limit=top)
+    if not top_results:
+        click.echo(f"No results for domain '{domain_name}'.")
+        return
+
+    if fmt == "md":
+        lines = [f"# {domain_name} — Top {len(top_results)} Concepts\n"]
+        for i, r in enumerate(top_results, 1):
+            combo = r["combination"]
+            entity_names = " + ".join(e.name for e in combo.entities)
+            lines.append(f"## {i}. {entity_names} (score: {r['composite_score']:.4f})")
+            if r["novelty_flag"]:
+                lines.append(f"**Novelty:** {r['novelty_flag']}")
+            if r["llm_review"]:
+                lines.append(f"\n{r['llm_review']}")
+            if r["human_notes"]:
+                lines.append(f"\n*Notes:* {r['human_notes']}")
+            lines.append("")
+
+        content = "\n".join(lines)
+        if output:
+            Path(output).write_text(content)
+            click.echo(f"Exported to {output}")
+        else:
+            click.echo(content)
+    else:
+        click.echo(f"Unsupported format: {fmt}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
--- a/src/physcom/db/init.py
+++ b/src/physcom/db/init.py
--- a/src/physcom/db/repository.py
+++ b/src/physcom/db/repository.py
@@ -0,0 +1,414 @@
+"""CRUD operations for all entities."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import hashlib
+import sqlite3
+from typing import Sequence
+
+from physcom.models.entity import Dependency, Entity
+from physcom.models.domain import Domain, MetricBound
+from physcom.models.combination import Combination
+
+
+class Repository:
+    """Thin data-access layer over the SQLite database."""
+
+    def __init__(self, conn: sqlite3.Connection) -> None:
+        self.conn = conn
+        self.conn.row_factory = sqlite3.Row
+
+    # ── Dimensions ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    def ensure_dimension(self, name: str, description: str = "") -> int:
+        """Insert dimension if it doesn't exist, return its id."""
+        cur = self.conn.execute(
+            "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO dimensions (name, description) VALUES (?, ?)",
+            (name, description),
+        )
+        if cur.lastrowid and cur.rowcount:
+            self.conn.commit()
+            return cur.lastrowid
+        row = self.conn.execute(
+            "SELECT id FROM dimensions WHERE name = ?", (name,)
+        ).fetchone()
+        return row["id"]
+
+    def list_dimensions(self) -> list[dict]:
+        rows = self.conn.execute("SELECT * FROM dimensions ORDER BY name").fetchall()
+        return [dict(r) for r in rows]
+
+    # ── Entities ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    def add_entity(self, entity: Entity) -> Entity:
+        """Persist an Entity (and its dependencies). Returns it with id set."""
+        dim_id = self.ensure_dimension(entity.dimension)
+        cur = self.conn.execute(
+            "INSERT INTO entities (dimension_id, name, description) VALUES (?, ?, ?)",
+            (dim_id, entity.name, entity.description),
+        )
+        entity.id = cur.lastrowid
+        entity.dimension_id = dim_id
+        for dep in entity.dependencies:
+            dep_cur = self.conn.execute(
+                """INSERT INTO dependencies
+                   (entity_id, category, key, value, unit, constraint_type)
+                   VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)""",
+                (entity.id, dep.category, dep.key, dep.value, dep.unit, dep.constraint_type),
+            )
+            dep.id = dep_cur.lastrowid
+        self.conn.commit()
+        return entity
+
+    def get_entity(self, entity_id: int) -> Entity | None:
+        row = self.conn.execute(
+            """SELECT e.id, e.name, e.description, d.name as dimension, e.dimension_id
+               FROM entities e JOIN dimensions d ON e.dimension_id = d.id
+               WHERE e.id = ?""",
+            (entity_id,),
+        ).fetchone()
+        if not row:
+            return None
+        deps = self._load_dependencies(row["id"])
+        return Entity(
+            id=row["id"],
+            name=row["name"],
+            description=row["description"] or "",
+            dimension=row["dimension"],
+            dimension_id=row["dimension_id"],
+            dependencies=deps,
+        )
+
+    def list_entities(self, dimension: str | None = None) -> list[Entity]:
+        if dimension:
+            rows = self.conn.execute(
+                """SELECT e.id, e.name, e.description, d.name as dimension, e.dimension_id
+                   FROM entities e JOIN dimensions d ON e.dimension_id = d.id
+                   WHERE d.name = ? ORDER BY e.name""",
+                (dimension,),
+            ).fetchall()
+        else:
+            rows = self.conn.execute(
+                """SELECT e.id, e.name, e.description, d.name as dimension, e.dimension_id
+                   FROM entities e JOIN dimensions d ON e.dimension_id = d.id
+                   ORDER BY d.name, e.name"""
+            ).fetchall()
+        entities = []
+        for r in rows:
+            deps = self._load_dependencies(r["id"])
+            entities.append(Entity(
+                id=r["id"], name=r["name"], description=r["description"] or "",
+                dimension=r["dimension"], dimension_id=r["dimension_id"],
+                dependencies=deps,
+            ))
+        return entities
+
+    def _load_dependencies(self, entity_id: int) -> list[Dependency]:
+        rows = self.conn.execute(
+            "SELECT * FROM dependencies WHERE entity_id = ?", (entity_id,)
+        ).fetchall()
+        return [
+            Dependency(
+                id=r["id"], category=r["category"], key=r["key"],
+                value=r["value"], unit=r["unit"], constraint_type=r["constraint_type"],
+            )
+            for r in rows
+        ]
+
+    def update_entity(self, entity_id: int, name: str, description: str) -> None:
+        self.conn.execute(
+            "UPDATE entities SET name = ?, description = ? WHERE id = ?",
+            (name, description, entity_id),
+        )
+        self.conn.commit()
+
+    def delete_entity(self, entity_id: int) -> None:
+        self.conn.execute("DELETE FROM dependencies WHERE entity_id = ?", (entity_id,))
+        self.conn.execute("DELETE FROM combination_entities WHERE entity_id = ?", (entity_id,))
+        self.conn.execute("DELETE FROM entities WHERE id = ?", (entity_id,))
+        self.conn.commit()
+
+    def add_dependency(self, entity_id: int, dep: Dependency) -> Dependency:
+        cur = self.conn.execute(
+            """INSERT INTO dependencies
+               (entity_id, category, key, value, unit, constraint_type)
+               VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)""",
+            (entity_id, dep.category, dep.key, dep.value, dep.unit, dep.constraint_type),
+        )
+        dep.id = cur.lastrowid
+        self.conn.commit()
+        return dep
+
+    def update_dependency(self, dep_id: int, dep: Dependency) -> None:
+        self.conn.execute(
+            """UPDATE dependencies
+               SET category = ?, key = ?, value = ?, unit = ?, constraint_type = ?
+               WHERE id = ?""",
+            (dep.category, dep.key, dep.value, dep.unit, dep.constraint_type, dep_id),
+        )
+        self.conn.commit()
+
+    def delete_dependency(self, dep_id: int) -> None:
+        self.conn.execute("DELETE FROM dependencies WHERE id = ?", (dep_id,))
+        self.conn.commit()
+
+    def get_dependency(self, dep_id: int) -> Dependency | None:
+        row = self.conn.execute(
+            "SELECT * FROM dependencies WHERE id = ?", (dep_id,)
+        ).fetchone()
+        if not row:
+            return None
+        return Dependency(
+            id=row["id"], category=row["category"], key=row["key"],
+            value=row["value"], unit=row["unit"], constraint_type=row["constraint_type"],
+        )
+
+    # ── Domains & Metrics ───────────────────────────────────────
+
+    def ensure_metric(self, name: str, unit: str = "", description: str = "") -> int:
+        self.conn.execute(
+            "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO metrics (name, unit, description) VALUES (?, ?, ?)",
+            (name, unit, description),
+        )
+        row = self.conn.execute("SELECT id FROM metrics WHERE name = ?", (name,)).fetchone()
+        self.conn.commit()
+        return row["id"]
+
+    def add_domain(self, domain: Domain) -> Domain:
+        cur = self.conn.execute(
+            "INSERT INTO domains (name, description) VALUES (?, ?)",
+            (domain.name, domain.description),
+        )
+        domain.id = cur.lastrowid
+        for mb in domain.metric_bounds:
+            metric_id = self.ensure_metric(mb.metric_name)
+            mb.metric_id = metric_id
+            self.conn.execute(
+                """INSERT INTO domain_metric_weights
+                   (domain_id, metric_id, weight, norm_min, norm_max)
+                   VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)""",
+                (domain.id, metric_id, mb.weight, mb.norm_min, mb.norm_max),
+            )
+        self.conn.commit()
+        return domain
+
+    def get_domain(self, name: str) -> Domain | None:
+        row = self.conn.execute("SELECT * FROM domains WHERE name = ?", (name,)).fetchone()
+        if not row:
+            return None
+        weights = self.conn.execute(
+            """SELECT m.name, dmw.weight, dmw.norm_min, dmw.norm_max, dmw.metric_id
+               FROM domain_metric_weights dmw
+               JOIN metrics m ON dmw.metric_id = m.id
+               WHERE dmw.domain_id = ?""",
+            (row["id"],),
+        ).fetchall()
+        return Domain(
+            id=row["id"],
+            name=row["name"],
+            description=row["description"] or "",
+            metric_bounds=[
+                MetricBound(
+                    metric_name=w["name"], weight=w["weight"],
+                    norm_min=w["norm_min"], norm_max=w["norm_max"],
+                    metric_id=w["metric_id"],
+                )
+                for w in weights
+            ],
+        )
+
+    def list_domains(self) -> list[Domain]:
+        rows = self.conn.execute("SELECT name FROM domains ORDER BY name").fetchall()
+        return [self.get_domain(r["name"]) for r in rows]
+
+    # ── Combinations ────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def compute_hash(entity_ids: Sequence[int]) -> str:
+        key = ",".join(str(eid) for eid in sorted(entity_ids))
+        return hashlib.sha256(key.encode()).hexdigest()[:16]
+
+    def save_combination(self, combination: Combination) -> Combination:
+        entity_ids = [e.id for e in combination.entities]
+        combination.hash = self.compute_hash(entity_ids)
+
+        existing = self.conn.execute(
+            "SELECT id FROM combinations WHERE hash = ?", (combination.hash,)
+        ).fetchone()
+        if existing:
+            combination.id = existing["id"]
+            return combination
+
+        cur = self.conn.execute(
+            "INSERT INTO combinations (hash, status, block_reason) VALUES (?, ?, ?)",
+            (combination.hash, combination.status, combination.block_reason),
+        )
+        combination.id = cur.lastrowid
+        for eid in entity_ids:
+            self.conn.execute(
+                "INSERT INTO combination_entities (combination_id, entity_id) VALUES (?, ?)",
+                (combination.id, eid),
+            )
+        self.conn.commit()
+        return combination
+
+    def update_combination_status(
+        self, combo_id: int, status: str, block_reason: str | None = None
+    ) -> None:
+        self.conn.execute(
+            "UPDATE combinations SET status = ?, block_reason = ? WHERE id = ?",
+            (status, block_reason, combo_id),
+        )
+        self.conn.commit()
+
+    def get_combination(self, combo_id: int) -> Combination | None:
+        row = self.conn.execute("SELECT * FROM combinations WHERE id = ?", (combo_id,)).fetchone()
+        if not row:
+            return None
+        entity_rows = self.conn.execute(
+            "SELECT entity_id FROM combination_entities WHERE combination_id = ?",
+            (combo_id,),
+        ).fetchall()
+        entities = [self.get_entity(er["entity_id"]) for er in entity_rows]
+        return Combination(
+            id=row["id"], hash=row["hash"], status=row["status"],
+            block_reason=row["block_reason"], entities=entities,
+        )
+
+    def list_combinations(self, status: str | None = None) -> list[Combination]:
+        if status:
+            rows = self.conn.execute(
+                "SELECT id FROM combinations WHERE status = ? ORDER BY id", (status,)
+            ).fetchall()
+        else:
+            rows = self.conn.execute("SELECT id FROM combinations ORDER BY id").fetchall()
+        return [self.get_combination(r["id"]) for r in rows]
+
+    # ── Scores & Results ────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    def save_scores(
+        self,
+        combo_id: int,
+        domain_id: int,
+        scores: list[dict],
+    ) -> None:
+        """Save per-metric scores. Each dict: metric_id, raw_value, normalized_score, estimation_method, confidence."""
+        for s in scores:
+            self.conn.execute(
+                """INSERT OR REPLACE INTO combination_scores
+                   (combination_id, domain_id, metric_id, raw_value, normalized_score,
+                    estimation_method, confidence)
+                   VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)""",
+                (combo_id, domain_id, s["metric_id"], s["raw_value"],
+                 s["normalized_score"], s["estimation_method"], s["confidence"]),
+            )
+        self.conn.commit()
+
+    def save_result(
+        self,
+        combo_id: int,
+        domain_id: int,
+        composite_score: float,
+        pass_reached: int,
+        novelty_flag: str | None = None,
+        llm_review: str | None = None,
+        human_notes: str | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.conn.execute(
+            """INSERT OR REPLACE INTO combination_results
+               (combination_id, domain_id, composite_score, novelty_flag,
+                llm_review, human_notes, pass_reached)
+               VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)""",
+            (combo_id, domain_id, composite_score, novelty_flag,
+             llm_review, human_notes, pass_reached),
+        )
+        self.conn.commit()
+
+    def get_combination_scores(self, combo_id: int, domain_id: int) -> list[dict]:
+        """Return per-metric scores for a combination in a domain."""
+        rows = self.conn.execute(
+            """SELECT cs.*, m.name as metric_name
+               FROM combination_scores cs
+               JOIN metrics m ON cs.metric_id = m.id
+               WHERE cs.combination_id = ? AND cs.domain_id = ?""",
+            (combo_id, domain_id),
+        ).fetchall()
+        return [dict(r) for r in rows]
+
+    def count_combinations_by_status(self) -> dict[str, int]:
+        rows = self.conn.execute(
+            "SELECT status, COUNT(*) as cnt FROM combinations GROUP BY status"
+        ).fetchall()
+        return {r["status"]: r["cnt"] for r in rows}
+
+    def get_result(self, combo_id: int, domain_id: int) -> dict | None:
+        """Return a single combination_result row."""
+        row = self.conn.execute(
+            """SELECT cr.*, d.name as domain_name
+               FROM combination_results cr
+               JOIN domains d ON cr.domain_id = d.id
+               WHERE cr.combination_id = ? AND cr.domain_id = ?""",
+            (combo_id, domain_id),
+        ).fetchone()
+        return dict(row) if row else None
+
+    def get_all_results(self, domain_name: str, status: str | None = None) -> list[dict]:
+        """Return all results for a domain, optionally filtered by combo status."""
+        if status:
+            rows = self.conn.execute(
+                """SELECT cr.*, c.hash, c.status as combo_status, d.name as domain_name
+                   FROM combination_results cr
+                   JOIN combinations c ON cr.combination_id = c.id
+                   JOIN domains d ON cr.domain_id = d.id
+                   WHERE d.name = ? AND c.status = ?
+                   ORDER BY cr.composite_score DESC""",
+                (domain_name, status),
+            ).fetchall()
+        else:
+            rows = self.conn.execute(
+                """SELECT cr.*, c.hash, c.status as combo_status, d.name as domain_name
+                   FROM combination_results cr
+                   JOIN combinations c ON cr.combination_id = c.id
+                   JOIN domains d ON cr.domain_id = d.id
+                   WHERE d.name = ?
+                   ORDER BY cr.composite_score DESC""",
+                (domain_name,),
+            ).fetchall()
+        results = []
+        for r in rows:
+            combo = self.get_combination(r["combination_id"])
+            results.append({
+                "combination": combo,
+                "composite_score": r["composite_score"],
+                "novelty_flag": r["novelty_flag"],
+                "llm_review": r["llm_review"],
+                "human_notes": r["human_notes"],
+                "pass_reached": r["pass_reached"],
+                "domain_id": r["domain_id"],
+            })
+        return results
+
+    def get_top_results(self, domain_name: str, limit: int = 10) -> list[dict]:
+        """Return top-N results for a domain, ordered by composite_score DESC."""
+        rows = self.conn.execute(
+            """SELECT cr.*, c.hash, c.status, d.name as domain_name
+               FROM combination_results cr
+               JOIN combinations c ON cr.combination_id = c.id
+               JOIN domains d ON cr.domain_id = d.id
+               WHERE d.name = ?
+               ORDER BY cr.composite_score DESC
+               LIMIT ?""",
+            (domain_name, limit),
+        ).fetchall()
+        results = []
+        for r in rows:
+            combo = self.get_combination(r["combination_id"])
+            results.append({
+                "combination": combo,
+                "composite_score": r["composite_score"],
+                "novelty_flag": r["novelty_flag"],
+                "llm_review": r["llm_review"],
+                "human_notes": r["human_notes"],
+                "pass_reached": r["pass_reached"],
+            })
+        return results
--- a/src/physcom/db/schema.py
+++ b/src/physcom/db/schema.py
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+"""DDL, table creation, and schema initialization."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sqlite3
+from pathlib import Path
+
+DDL = """
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dimensions (
+    id          INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    name        TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
+    description TEXT
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS entities (
+    id           INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    dimension_id INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES dimensions(id),
+    name         TEXT NOT NULL,
+    description  TEXT,
+    UNIQUE(dimension_id, name)
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dependencies (
+    id              INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    entity_id       INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES entities(id),
+    category        TEXT NOT NULL,
+    key             TEXT NOT NULL,
+    value           TEXT NOT NULL,
+    unit            TEXT,
+    constraint_type TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS domains (
+    id          INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    name        TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
+    description TEXT
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS metrics (
+    id          INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    name        TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
+    unit        TEXT,
+    description TEXT
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS domain_metric_weights (
+    id        INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    domain_id INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES domains(id),
+    metric_id INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES metrics(id),
+    weight    REAL NOT NULL,
+    norm_min  REAL,
+    norm_max  REAL,
+    UNIQUE(domain_id, metric_id)
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS combinations (
+    id           INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    hash         TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
+    status       TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'pending',
+    block_reason TEXT,
+    created_at   TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS combination_entities (
+    combination_id INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES combinations(id),
+    entity_id      INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES entities(id),
+    PRIMARY KEY (combination_id, entity_id)
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS combination_scores (
+    id                INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    combination_id    INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES combinations(id),
+    domain_id         INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES domains(id),
+    metric_id         INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES metrics(id),
+    raw_value         REAL,
+    normalized_score  REAL,
+    estimation_method TEXT,
+    confidence        REAL,
+    UNIQUE(combination_id, domain_id, metric_id)
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS combination_results (
+    id              INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    combination_id  INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES combinations(id),
+    domain_id       INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES domains(id),
+    composite_score REAL,
+    novelty_flag    TEXT,
+    llm_review      TEXT,
+    human_notes     TEXT,
+    pass_reached    INTEGER,
+    UNIQUE(combination_id, domain_id)
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_deps_entity ON dependencies(entity_id);
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_deps_category_key ON dependencies(category, key);
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_combo_status ON combinations(status);
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_scores_combo_domain ON combination_scores(combination_id, domain_id);
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_results_domain_score ON combination_results(domain_id, composite_score DESC);
+"""
+
+
+def init_db(db_path: str | Path) -> sqlite3.Connection:
+    """Create/open the database and ensure all tables exist."""
+    db_path = Path(db_path)
+    db_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    conn = sqlite3.connect(str(db_path))
+    conn.execute("PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL")
+    conn.execute("PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON")
+    conn.executescript(DDL)
+    conn.commit()
+    return conn
--- a/src/physcom/engine/init.py
+++ b/src/physcom/engine/init.py
--- a/src/physcom/engine/combinator.py
+++ b/src/physcom/engine/combinator.py
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+"""Cartesian product generator across dimensions."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import itertools
+
+from physcom.models.entity import Entity
+from physcom.models.combination import Combination
+from physcom.db.repository import Repository
+
+
+def generate_combinations(
+    repo: Repository,
+    dimensions: list[str],
+) -> list[Combination]:
+    """Generate all Cartesian-product combinations across the given dimensions.
+
+    Each combination contains exactly one entity per dimension.
+    Deduplication is handled by the repository via hash.
+    """
+    entity_groups: list[list[Entity]] = []
+    for dim in dimensions:
+        entities = repo.list_entities(dimension=dim)
+        if not entities:
+            raise ValueError(f"No entities found for dimension '{dim}'")
+        entity_groups.append(entities)
+
+    combinations = []
+    for entity_tuple in itertools.product(*entity_groups):
+        combo = Combination(entities=list(entity_tuple))
+        combinations.append(combo)
+
+    return combinations
--- a/src/physcom/engine/constraint_resolver.py
+++ b/src/physcom/engine/constraint_resolver.py
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+"""Dependency contradiction detection engine."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+
+from physcom.models.combination import Combination
+from physcom.models.entity import Dependency
+
+
+# Mutual exclusion registry: for a given key, which value-sets contradict.
+# Values within the same set are compatible; values in different sets contradict.
+MUTEX_VALUES: dict[str, list[set[str]]] = {
+    "atmosphere": [{"vacuum", "vacuum_or_thin"}, {"dense", "standard"}],
+    "medium": [{"ground"}, {"water"}, {"air"}, {"space"}],
+}
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ConstraintResult:
+    """Outcome of constraint resolution for a combination."""
+
+    status: str = "valid"  # valid, blocked, conditional
+    violations: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+    warnings: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class ConstraintResolver:
+    """Checks a Combination's entities for dependency contradictions."""
+
+    def __init__(self, mutex_registry: dict[str, list[set[str]]] | None = None) -> None:
+        self.mutex = mutex_registry or MUTEX_VALUES
+
+    def resolve(self, combination: Combination) -> ConstraintResult:
+        result = ConstraintResult()
+        all_deps: list[tuple[str, Dependency]] = []
+        for entity in combination.entities:
+            for dep in entity.dependencies:
+                all_deps.append((entity.name, dep))
+
+        self._check_requires_vs_excludes(all_deps, result)
+        self._check_mutual_exclusion(all_deps, result)
+        self._check_range_incompatibility(all_deps, result)
+        self._check_force_scale(combination, result)
+        self._check_unmet_requirements(all_deps, result)
+
+        if result.violations:
+            result.status = "blocked"
+        elif result.warnings:
+            result.status = "conditional"
+
+        return result
+
+    def _check_requires_vs_excludes(
+        self, all_deps: list[tuple[str, Dependency]], result: ConstraintResult
+    ) -> None:
+        """Rule 1: If A requires key=X and B excludes key=X → BLOCKED."""
+        requires = [(name, d) for name, d in all_deps if d.constraint_type == "requires"]
+        excludes = [(name, d) for name, d in all_deps if d.constraint_type == "excludes"]
+
+        for req_name, req in requires:
+            for exc_name, exc in excludes:
+                if req_name == exc_name:
+                    continue
+                if req.key == exc.key and req.value == exc.value:
+                    result.violations.append(
+                        f"{req_name} requires {req.key}={req.value} "
+                        f"but {exc_name} excludes it"
+                    )
+
+    def _check_mutual_exclusion(
+        self, all_deps: list[tuple[str, Dependency]], result: ConstraintResult
+    ) -> None:
+        """Rule 2: If A requires key=X and B requires key=Y where X,Y are mutex → BLOCKED."""
+        requires = [(name, d) for name, d in all_deps if d.constraint_type == "requires"]
+
+        for i, (name_a, dep_a) in enumerate(requires):
+            for name_b, dep_b in requires[i + 1:]:
+                if name_a == name_b:
+                    continue
+                if dep_a.key != dep_b.key:
+                    continue
+                if dep_a.value == dep_b.value:
+                    continue
+                # Check if values are in different mutex sets
+                if dep_a.key in self.mutex:
+                    set_a = self._find_mutex_set(dep_a.key, dep_a.value)
+                    set_b = self._find_mutex_set(dep_b.key, dep_b.value)
+                    if set_a is not None and set_b is not None and set_a is not set_b:
+                        result.violations.append(
+                            f"{name_a} requires {dep_a.key}={dep_a.value} "
+                            f"but {name_b} requires {dep_b.key}={dep_b.value} "
+                            f"(mutually exclusive)"
+                        )
+
+    def _find_mutex_set(self, key: str, value: str) -> set[str] | None:
+        """Find which mutex set a value belongs to, or None."""
+        for value_set in self.mutex.get(key, []):
+            if value in value_set:
+                return value_set
+        return None
+
+    def _check_range_incompatibility(
+        self, all_deps: list[tuple[str, Dependency]], result: ConstraintResult
+    ) -> None:
+        """Rule 3: If A range_min > B range_max for the same key → BLOCKED."""
+        range_mins: dict[str, list[tuple[str, float]]] = {}
+        range_maxs: dict[str, list[tuple[str, float]]] = {}
+
+        for name, dep in all_deps:
+            if dep.constraint_type == "range_min":
+                range_mins.setdefault(dep.key, []).append((name, float(dep.value)))
+            elif dep.constraint_type == "range_max":
+                range_maxs.setdefault(dep.key, []).append((name, float(dep.value)))
+
+        for key in set(range_mins) & set(range_maxs):
+            for min_name, min_val in range_mins[key]:
+                for max_name, max_val in range_maxs[key]:
+                    if min_name == max_name:
+                        continue
+                    if min_val > max_val:
+                        result.violations.append(
+                            f"{min_name} requires {key} >= {min_val} "
+                            f"but {max_name} limits {key} <= {max_val}"
+                        )
+
+    def _check_force_scale(
+        self, combination: Combination, result: ConstraintResult
+    ) -> None:
+        """Rule 4: If power source output << platform requirement → warn/block."""
+        force_provided: list[tuple[str, float]] = []
+        force_required: list[tuple[str, float]] = []
+
+        for entity in combination.entities:
+            for dep in entity.dependencies:
+                if dep.key == "force_output_watts" and dep.constraint_type == "provides":
+                    force_provided.append((entity.name, float(dep.value)))
+                elif dep.key == "force_required_watts" and dep.constraint_type == "range_min":
+                    force_required.append((entity.name, float(dep.value)))
+
+        for req_name, req_watts in force_required:
+            for prov_name, prov_watts in force_provided:
+                if prov_watts < req_watts * 0.01:
+                    # Off by more than 100x — hard block
+                    result.violations.append(
+                        f"{prov_name} provides {prov_watts}W but "
+                        f"{req_name} requires {req_watts}W "
+                        f"(force deficit > 100x)"
+                    )
+                elif prov_watts < req_watts:
+                    # Under-powered but not impossibly so — warn
+                    result.warnings.append(
+                        f"{prov_name} provides {prov_watts}W but "
+                        f"{req_name} requires {req_watts}W "
+                        f"(under-powered)"
+                    )
+
+    def _check_unmet_requirements(
+        self, all_deps: list[tuple[str, Dependency]], result: ConstraintResult
+    ) -> None:
+        """Rule 5: Required condition not provided by any entity → conditional."""
+        provides = {(d.key, d.value) for _, d in all_deps if d.constraint_type == "provides"}
+        # Ambient conditions that don't need to be explicitly provided
+        ambient = {
+            ("ground_surface", "true"),
+            ("gravity", "true"),
+            ("star_proximity", "true"),
+        }
+
+        for name, dep in all_deps:
+            if dep.constraint_type != "requires":
+                continue
+            if dep.category == "infrastructure":
+                continue  # Infrastructure is external, not checked here
+            key_val = (dep.key, dep.value)
+            if key_val not in provides and key_val not in ambient:
+                result.warnings.append(
+                    f"{name} requires {dep.key}={dep.value} "
+                    f"but no entity in this combination provides it"
+                )
--- a/src/physcom/engine/pipeline.py
+++ b/src/physcom/engine/pipeline.py
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+"""Multi-pass pipeline orchestrator."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+
+from physcom.db.repository import Repository
+from physcom.engine.combinator import generate_combinations
+from physcom.engine.constraint_resolver import ConstraintResolver, ConstraintResult
+from physcom.engine.scorer import Scorer
+from physcom.llm.base import LLMProvider
+from physcom.llm.prompts import PHYSICS_ESTIMATION_PROMPT, PLAUSIBILITY_REVIEW_PROMPT
+from physcom.models.combination import Combination, ScoredResult
+from physcom.models.domain import Domain
+
+
+@dataclass
+class PipelineResult:
+    """Summary of a pipeline run."""
+
+    total_generated: int = 0
+    pass1_valid: int = 0
+    pass1_blocked: int = 0
+    pass1_conditional: int = 0
+    pass2_estimated: int = 0
+    pass3_above_threshold: int = 0
+    pass4_reviewed: int = 0
+    pass5_human_reviewed: int = 0
+    top_results: list[dict] = field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+def _describe_combination(combo: Combination) -> str:
+    """Build a natural-language description of a combination."""
+    parts = [f"{e.dimension}: {e.name}" for e in combo.entities]
+    descriptions = [e.description for e in combo.entities if e.description]
+    header = " + ".join(parts)
+    detail = "; ".join(descriptions)
+    return f"{header}. {detail}"
+
+
+class Pipeline:
+    """Orchestrates the multi-pass viability pipeline."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        repo: Repository,
+        resolver: ConstraintResolver,
+        scorer: Scorer,
+        llm: LLMProvider | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.repo = repo
+        self.resolver = resolver
+        self.scorer = scorer
+        self.llm = llm
+
+    def run(
+        self,
+        domain: Domain,
+        dimensions: list[str],
+        score_threshold: float = 0.1,
+        passes: list[int] | None = None,
+    ) -> PipelineResult:
+        if passes is None:
+            passes = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+
+        result = PipelineResult()
+
+        # Generate all combinations
+        combos = generate_combinations(self.repo, dimensions)
+        result.total_generated = len(combos)
+
+        # Save all combinations to DB
+        for combo in combos:
+            self.repo.save_combination(combo)
+
+        # ── Pass 1: Constraint Resolution ───────────────────────
+        valid_combos: list[Combination] = []
+        if 1 in passes:
+            valid_combos = self._pass1_constraints(combos, result)
+        else:
+            valid_combos = combos
+
+        # ── Pass 2: Physics Estimation ──────────────────────────
+        estimated: list[tuple[Combination, dict[str, float]]] = []
+        if 2 in passes:
+            estimated = self._pass2_estimation(valid_combos, domain, result)
+        else:
+            # Skip estimation, use zeros
+            estimated = [(c, {}) for c in valid_combos]
+
+        # ── Pass 3: Scoring & Ranking ───────────────────────────
+        scored: list[tuple[Combination, ScoredResult]] = []
+        if 3 in passes:
+            scored = self._pass3_scoring(estimated, domain, score_threshold, result)
+
+        # ── Pass 4: LLM Review ──────────────────────────────────
+        if 4 in passes and self.llm:
+            self._pass4_llm_review(scored, domain, result)
+
+        # ── Save results after scoring ─────────────────────────
+        if 3 in passes:
+            max_pass = max(p for p in passes if p <= 5)
+            for combo, sr in scored:
+                self.repo.save_result(
+                    combo.id, domain.id, sr.composite_score,
+                    pass_reached=max_pass,
+                    novelty_flag=sr.novelty_flag,
+                    llm_review=sr.llm_review,
+                )
+                self.repo.update_combination_status(combo.id, "scored")
+
+        # Collect top results
+        result.top_results = self.repo.get_top_results(domain.name, limit=20)
+        return result
+
+    def _pass1_constraints(
+        self, combos: list[Combination], result: PipelineResult
+    ) -> list[Combination]:
+        valid = []
+        for combo in combos:
+            cr: ConstraintResult = self.resolver.resolve(combo)
+            if cr.status == "blocked":
+                combo.status = "blocked"
+                combo.block_reason = "; ".join(cr.violations)
+                self.repo.update_combination_status(
+                    combo.id, "blocked", combo.block_reason
+                )
+                result.pass1_blocked += 1
+            elif cr.status == "conditional":
+                combo.status = "valid"
+                self.repo.update_combination_status(combo.id, "valid")
+                valid.append(combo)
+                result.pass1_conditional += 1
+            else:
+                combo.status = "valid"
+                self.repo.update_combination_status(combo.id, "valid")
+                valid.append(combo)
+                result.pass1_valid += 1
+        return valid
+
+    def _pass2_estimation(
+        self,
+        combos: list[Combination],
+        domain: Domain,
+        result: PipelineResult,
+    ) -> list[tuple[Combination, dict[str, float]]]:
+        metric_names = [mb.metric_name for mb in domain.metric_bounds]
+        estimated = []
+
+        for combo in combos:
+            description = _describe_combination(combo)
+            if self.llm:
+                raw_metrics = self.llm.estimate_physics(description, metric_names)
+            else:
+                # Stub estimation: derive from dependencies where possible
+                raw_metrics = self._stub_estimate(combo, metric_names)
+            estimated.append((combo, raw_metrics))
+            result.pass2_estimated += 1
+
+        return estimated
+
+    def _pass3_scoring(
+        self,
+        estimated: list[tuple[Combination, dict[str, float]]],
+        domain: Domain,
+        threshold: float,
+        result: PipelineResult,
+    ) -> list[tuple[Combination, ScoredResult]]:
+        scored = []
+        for combo, raw_metrics in estimated:
+            sr = self.scorer.score_combination(combo, raw_metrics)
+            if sr.composite_score >= threshold:
+                scored.append((combo, sr))
+                result.pass3_above_threshold += 1
+                # Persist per-metric scores
+                score_dicts = []
+                bounds_by_name = {mb.metric_name: mb for mb in domain.metric_bounds}
+                for s in sr.scores:
+                    mb = bounds_by_name.get(s.metric_name)
+                    if mb and mb.metric_id:
+                        score_dicts.append({
+                            "metric_id": mb.metric_id,
+                            "raw_value": s.raw_value,
+                            "normalized_score": s.normalized_score,
+                            "estimation_method": s.estimation_method,
+                            "confidence": s.confidence,
+                        })
+                if score_dicts:
+                    self.repo.save_scores(combo.id, domain.id, score_dicts)
+
+        # Sort by composite score descending
+        scored.sort(key=lambda x: x[1].composite_score, reverse=True)
+        return scored
+
+    def _pass4_llm_review(
+        self,
+        scored: list[tuple[Combination, ScoredResult]],
+        domain: Domain,
+        result: PipelineResult,
+    ) -> None:
+        for combo, sr in scored:
+            description = _describe_combination(combo)
+            score_dict = {s.metric_name: s.normalized_score for s in sr.scores}
+            review = self.llm.review_plausibility(description, score_dict)
+            sr.llm_review = review
+            result.pass4_reviewed += 1
+
+    def _stub_estimate(
+        self, combo: Combination, metric_names: list[str]
+    ) -> dict[str, float]:
+        """Simple heuristic estimation from dependency data."""
+        raw: dict[str, float] = {m: 0.0 for m in metric_names}
+
+        # Extract force output from power source
+        force_watts = 0.0
+        mass_kg = 100.0  # default
+        for entity in combo.entities:
+            for dep in entity.dependencies:
+                if dep.key == "force_output_watts" and dep.constraint_type == "provides":
+                    force_watts = max(force_watts, float(dep.value))
+                if dep.key == "min_mass_kg" and dep.constraint_type == "range_min":
+                    mass_kg = max(mass_kg, float(dep.value))
+
+        # Rough speed estimate: F=ma -> v proportional to power/mass
+        if "speed" in raw and mass_kg > 0:
+            # Very rough: speed ~ power / (mass * drag_coeff)
+            raw["speed"] = min(force_watts / mass_kg * 0.5, 300000)
+
+        if "cost_efficiency" in raw:
+            # Lower force = cheaper per km (roughly)
+            raw["cost_efficiency"] = max(0.01, 2.0 - force_watts / 100000)
+
+        if "safety" in raw:
+            raw["safety"] = 0.5  # default mid-range
+
+        if "availability" in raw:
+            raw["availability"] = 0.5
+
+        if "range_fuel" in raw:
+            # More power = more range (very rough)
+            raw["range_fuel"] = min(force_watts * 0.01, 1e10)
+
+        if "range_degradation" in raw:
+            raw["range_degradation"] = 365  # 1 year default
+
+        return raw
--- a/src/physcom/engine/scorer.py
+++ b/src/physcom/engine/scorer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+"""Multiplicative logarithmic scoring engine."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import math
+
+from physcom.models.domain import Domain, MetricBound
+from physcom.models.combination import Combination, Score, ScoredResult
+
+
+def normalize(raw_value: float, norm_min: float, norm_max: float) -> float:
+    """Log-normalize a raw value to 0-1 within domain bounds.
+
+    Values at or below norm_min -> 0.0
+    Values at or above norm_max -> 1.0
+    Values between are log-interpolated.
+    """
+    if norm_max <= norm_min:
+        return 0.0
+    if raw_value <= norm_min:
+        return 0.0
+    if raw_value >= norm_max:
+        return 1.0
+    log_min = math.log1p(norm_min)
+    log_max = math.log1p(norm_max)
+    log_val = math.log1p(raw_value)
+    return (log_val - log_min) / (log_max - log_min)
+
+
+def composite_score(scores: list[float], weights: list[float]) -> float:
+    """Weighted geometric mean. Any score near 0 drives the result to 0.
+
+    score = product(s_i ^ w_i) for all metrics i
+    """
+    if not scores or not weights:
+        return 0.0
+    result = 1.0
+    for score, weight in zip(scores, weights):
+        if score <= 0.0:
+            return 0.0
+        result *= score ** weight
+    return result
+
+
+class Scorer:
+    """Scores combinations against a domain's metric bounds."""
+
+    def __init__(self, domain: Domain) -> None:
+        self.domain = domain
+        self._bounds_by_name: dict[str, MetricBound] = {
+            mb.metric_name: mb for mb in domain.metric_bounds
+        }
+
+    def score_combination(
+        self,
+        combination: Combination,
+        raw_metrics: dict[str, float],
+        estimation_method: str = "physics_calc",
+        confidence: float = 1.0,
+    ) -> ScoredResult:
+        """Score a combination given raw metric values.
+
+        raw_metrics maps metric_name -> raw estimated value.
+        """
+        scores: list[Score] = []
+        norm_scores: list[float] = []
+        weights: list[float] = []
+
+        for mb in self.domain.metric_bounds:
+            raw = raw_metrics.get(mb.metric_name, 0.0)
+            normed = normalize(raw, mb.norm_min, mb.norm_max)
+            scores.append(Score(
+                metric_name=mb.metric_name,
+                raw_value=raw,
+                normalized_score=normed,
+                estimation_method=estimation_method,
+                confidence=confidence,
+            ))
+            norm_scores.append(normed)
+            weights.append(mb.weight)
+
+        comp = composite_score(norm_scores, weights)
+
+        return ScoredResult(
+            combination_id=combination.id,
+            domain_name=self.domain.name,
+            scores=scores,
+            composite_score=comp,
+        )
--- a/src/physcom/llm/init.py
+++ b/src/physcom/llm/init.py
--- a/src/physcom/llm/base.py
+++ b/src/physcom/llm/base.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""Abstract LLM interface — provider-agnostic."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+
+
+class LLMProvider(ABC):
+    """Abstract LLM interface for physics estimation and plausibility review."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def estimate_physics(
+        self, combination_description: str, metrics: list[str]
+    ) -> dict[str, float]:
+        """Given a natural-language description of a combination,
+        estimate raw metric values. Returns {metric_name: estimated_value}."""
+        ...
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def review_plausibility(
+        self, combination_description: str, scores: dict[str, float]
+    ) -> str:
+        """Given a combination and its scores, return a natural-language
+        plausibility and novelty assessment."""
+        ...
--- a/src/physcom/llm/prompts.py
+++ b/src/physcom/llm/prompts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+"""Prompt templates for LLM-assisted passes."""
+
+PHYSICS_ESTIMATION_PROMPT = """\
+You are a physics estimation assistant. Given the following transportation concept, \
+estimate the requested metrics using order-of-magnitude physics reasoning.
+
+## Concept
+{description}
+
+## Metrics to estimate
+{metrics}
+
+## Instructions
+- Use real-world physics to estimate each metric.
+- If the concept is implausible, still provide your best estimate.
+- Return ONLY valid JSON mapping metric names to numeric values.
+- Example: {{"speed": 45.0, "cost_efficiency": 0.15, "safety": 0.7}}
+"""
+
+PLAUSIBILITY_REVIEW_PROMPT = """\
+You are reviewing a novel transportation concept for social and practical viability.
+
+## Concept
+{description}
+
+## Metric Scores
+{scores}
+
+## Instructions
+Review this concept for:
+1. Social viability — would people actually use this?
+2. Practical barriers — what engineering or regulatory obstacles exist?
+3. Novelty — does anything similar already exist?
+4. Overall plausibility — is this a genuinely interesting innovation or nonsense?
+
+Provide a concise 2-4 sentence assessment.
+"""
--- a/src/physcom/llm/providers/init.py
+++ b/src/physcom/llm/providers/init.py
--- a/src/physcom/llm/providers/mock.py
+++ b/src/physcom/llm/providers/mock.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"""Mock LLM provider for testing."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from physcom.llm.base import LLMProvider
+
+
+class MockLLMProvider(LLMProvider):
+    """Returns deterministic stub responses for testing."""
+
+    def __init__(self, default_estimates: dict[str, float] | None = None) -> None:
+        self._defaults = default_estimates or {}
+
+    def estimate_physics(
+        self, combination_description: str, metrics: list[str]
+    ) -> dict[str, float]:
+        result = {}
+        for metric in metrics:
+            result[metric] = self._defaults.get(metric, 0.5)
+        return result
+
+    def review_plausibility(
+        self, combination_description: str, scores: dict[str, float]
+    ) -> str:
+        avg = sum(scores.values()) / max(len(scores), 1)
+        if avg > 0.5:
+            return "This concept appears plausible and worth further investigation."
+        return "This concept has significant feasibility challenges."
--- a/src/physcom/models/init.py
+++ b/src/physcom/models/init.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from physcom.models.entity import Entity, Dependency
+from physcom.models.domain import Domain, MetricBound
+from physcom.models.combination import Combination, Score, ScoredResult
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Entity", "Dependency",
+    "Domain", "MetricBound",
+    "Combination", "Score", "ScoredResult",
+]
--- a/src/physcom/models/combination.py
+++ b/src/physcom/models/combination.py
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+"""Combination and scoring dataclasses."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from physcom.models.entity import Entity
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Score:
+    """A single metric score for a combination in a domain."""
+
+    metric_name: str
+    raw_value: float
+    normalized_score: float
+    estimation_method: str = "physics_calc"
+    confidence: float = 1.0
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ScoredResult:
+    """Final composite result for a combination in a domain."""
+
+    combination_id: int | None
+    domain_name: str
+    scores: list[Score] = field(default_factory=list)
+    composite_score: float = 0.0
+    novelty_flag: str | None = None
+    llm_review: str | None = None
+    human_notes: str | None = None
+    pass_reached: int = 0
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Combination:
+    """A generated combination of entities (one per dimension)."""
+
+    entities: list[Entity] = field(default_factory=list)
+    status: str = "pending"  # pending → valid/blocked → scored → reviewed
+    block_reason: str | None = None
+    hash: str | None = None
+    id: int | None = None
--- a/src/physcom/models/domain.py
+++ b/src/physcom/models/domain.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+"""Domain and MetricBound dataclasses."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+
+
+@dataclass
+class MetricBound:
+    """Per-metric weight and normalization bounds within a domain."""
+
+    metric_name: str
+    weight: float  # 0.0–1.0
+    norm_min: float  # Below this → score 0
+    norm_max: float  # Above this → score 1
+    metric_id: int | None = None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Domain:
+    """A context frame that defines what 'good' means (e.g., urban_commuting)."""
+
+    name: str
+    description: str = ""
+    metric_bounds: list[MetricBound] = field(default_factory=list)
+    id: int | None = None
--- a/src/physcom/models/entity.py
+++ b/src/physcom/models/entity.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+"""Entity and Dependency dataclasses."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Dependency:
+    """A single dependency/constraint on an entity.
+
+    Constraint types:
+        requires  — this entity needs this condition to function
+        provides  — this entity supplies this condition
+        range_min — numeric lower bound
+        range_max — numeric upper bound
+        excludes  — this entity cannot coexist with this condition
+    """
+
+    category: str  # environment, force, material, physical, infrastructure
+    key: str
+    value: str
+    unit: str | None = None
+    constraint_type: str = "requires"  # requires, provides, range_min, range_max, excludes
+    id: int | None = None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Entity:
+    """An attribute within a dimension (e.g., 'Bicycle' in 'platform')."""
+
+    name: str
+    dimension: str
+    description: str = ""
+    dependencies: list[Dependency] = field(default_factory=list)
+    id: int | None = None
+    dimension_id: int | None = None
--- a/src/physcom/seed/init.py
+++ b/src/physcom/seed/init.py
--- a/src/physcom/seed/transport_example.py
+++ b/src/physcom/seed/transport_example.py
@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+"""Seed data for the transport example from the README."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from physcom.models.entity import Entity, Dependency
+from physcom.models.domain import Domain, MetricBound
+
+
+# ── Platforms ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+PLATFORMS: list[Entity] = [
+    Entity(
+        name="Car",
+        dimension="platform",
+        description="Four-wheeled enclosed road vehicle",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("environment", "ground_surface", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "gravity", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "3000", "kg", "range_max"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "800", "kg", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("force", "force_required_watts", "15000", "watts", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "road_network", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "medium", "ground", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Airplane",
+        dimension="platform",
+        description="Fixed-wing aircraft for atmospheric flight",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("environment", "atmosphere", "standard", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "gravity", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "500", "kg", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("force", "force_required_watts", "100000", "watts", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "runway", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "medium", "air", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Train",
+        dimension="platform",
+        description="Rail-guided vehicle",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("environment", "ground_surface", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "gravity", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "10000", "kg", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("force", "force_required_watts", "500000", "watts", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "rail_network", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "medium", "ground", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Bicycle",
+        dimension="platform",
+        description="Two-wheeled human-scale vehicle",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("environment", "ground_surface", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "gravity", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "30", "kg", "range_max"),
+            Dependency("force", "force_required_watts", "75", "watts", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "road_network", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "medium", "ground", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Walking",
+        dimension="platform",
+        description="Bipedal locomotion",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("environment", "ground_surface", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "gravity", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "150", "kg", "range_max"),
+            Dependency("force", "force_required_watts", "75", "watts", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "fuel_infrastructure", "none", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "medium", "ground", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Wheelchair",
+        dimension="platform",
+        description="Wheeled chair for seated mobility",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("environment", "ground_surface", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "gravity", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "200", "kg", "range_max"),
+            Dependency("force", "force_required_watts", "50", "watts", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "road_network", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "medium", "ground", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Scooter",
+        dimension="platform",
+        description="Small two-wheeled standing vehicle",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("environment", "ground_surface", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "gravity", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "50", "kg", "range_max"),
+            Dependency("force", "force_required_watts", "200", "watts", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "road_network", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "medium", "ground", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Spaceship",
+        dimension="platform",
+        description="Vehicle designed for space travel",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("environment", "atmosphere", "vacuum_or_thin", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "5000", "kg", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("force", "force_required_watts", "1000000", "watts", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "launch_facility", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "medium", "space", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Teleporter",
+        dimension="platform",
+        description="Hypothetical matter transmission device",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "0", "kg", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("force", "force_required_watts", "1000000000", "watts", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "teleport_network", "true", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    ),
+]
+
+
+# ── Power Sources ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+POWER_SOURCES: list[Entity] = [
+    Entity(
+        name="Internal Combustion Engine",
+        dimension="power_source",
+        description="Gas/petrol-powered engine",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "100000", "watts", "provides"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "fuel_infrastructure", "gas_station", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "atmosphere", "standard", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "50", "kg", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("force", "thrust_profile", "high_continuous", None, "provides"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Lithium Ion Battery",
+        dimension="power_source",
+        description="Rechargeable electric battery pack",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "50000", "watts", "provides"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "fuel_infrastructure", "charging_station", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "10", "kg", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("force", "thrust_profile", "moderate_continuous", None, "provides"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Hydrogen Combustion Engine",
+        dimension="power_source",
+        description="Hydrogen fuel cell or combustion engine",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "80000", "watts", "provides"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "fuel_infrastructure", "hydrogen_station", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "30", "kg", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("force", "thrust_profile", "high_continuous", None, "provides"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Human Pedalling",
+        dimension="power_source",
+        description="Human-powered via pedalling mechanism",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "75", "watts", "provides"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "fuel_infrastructure", "none", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "0", "kg", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("force", "thrust_profile", "low_continuous", None, "provides"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Modular Nuclear Reactor",
+        dimension="power_source",
+        description="Small modular nuclear fission reactor",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "50000000", "watts", "provides"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "fuel_infrastructure", "nuclear_fuel", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "2000", "kg", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("force", "thrust_profile", "extreme_continuous", None, "provides"),
+            Dependency("material", "radiation_shielding", "true", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Coal Steam Engine",
+        dimension="power_source",
+        description="Coal-fired boiler with steam locomotion",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "200000", "watts", "provides"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "fuel_infrastructure", "coal_supply", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "atmosphere", "standard", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "500", "kg", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("force", "thrust_profile", "high_continuous", None, "provides"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Solar Sail",
+        dimension="power_source",
+        description="Propulsion via radiation pressure from a star",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("environment", "atmosphere", "vacuum_or_thin", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "star_proximity", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "surface_area_m2", "100", "m^2", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "1", "watts", "provides"),
+            Dependency("force", "thrust_profile", "continuous_low", None, "provides"),
+            Dependency("environment", "medium", "space", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Cannonfire Recoil",
+        dimension="power_source",
+        description="Propulsion via sequential cannon blasts",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "500000", "watts", "provides"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "fuel_infrastructure", "ammunition", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "100", "kg", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("force", "thrust_profile", "high_burst", None, "provides"),
+        ],
+    ),
+    Entity(
+        name="Pushed by a Friend",
+        dimension="power_source",
+        description="External human pushing the vehicle",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "50", "watts", "provides"),
+            Dependency("infrastructure", "fuel_infrastructure", "none", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "0", "kg", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("environment", "ground_surface", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("force", "thrust_profile", "low_continuous", None, "provides"),
+        ],
+    ),
+]
+
+
+# ── Domains ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+URBAN_COMMUTING = Domain(
+    name="urban_commuting",
+    description="Daily travel within a city, 1-50km range",
+    metric_bounds=[
+        MetricBound("speed", weight=0.25, norm_min=5, norm_max=120),
+        MetricBound("cost_efficiency", weight=0.25, norm_min=0.01, norm_max=2.0),
+        MetricBound("safety", weight=0.25, norm_min=0.0, norm_max=1.0),
+        MetricBound("availability", weight=0.15, norm_min=0.0, norm_max=1.0),
+        MetricBound("range_fuel", weight=0.10, norm_min=5, norm_max=500),
+    ],
+)
+
+INTERPLANETARY = Domain(
+    name="interplanetary_travel",
+    description="Travel between planets within a solar system",
+    metric_bounds=[
+        MetricBound("speed", weight=0.30, norm_min=1000, norm_max=300000),
+        MetricBound("range_fuel", weight=0.30, norm_min=1e6, norm_max=1e10),
+        MetricBound("safety", weight=0.20, norm_min=0.0, norm_max=1.0),
+        MetricBound("cost_efficiency", weight=0.10, norm_min=1e3, norm_max=1e9),
+        MetricBound("range_degradation", weight=0.10, norm_min=100, norm_max=36500),
+    ],
+)
+
+
+def load_transport_seed(repo) -> dict:
+    """Load all transport seed data into the repository. Returns counts."""
+    from physcom.db.repository import Repository
+    repo: Repository
+
+    counts = {"platforms": 0, "power_sources": 0, "domains": 0}
+
+    for entity in PLATFORMS:
+        repo.add_entity(entity)
+        counts["platforms"] += 1
+
+    for entity in POWER_SOURCES:
+        repo.add_entity(entity)
+        counts["power_sources"] += 1
+
+    repo.add_domain(URBAN_COMMUTING)
+    repo.add_domain(INTERPLANETARY)
+    counts["domains"] = 2
+
+    return counts
--- a/src/physcom_web/init.py
+++ b/src/physcom_web/init.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""PhysCom Web — Flask UI for Physical Combinatorics."""
--- a/src/physcom_web/main.py
+++ b/src/physcom_web/main.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+"""Allow `python -m physcom_web` to start the dev server."""
+from physcom_web.app import run
+
+run()
--- a/src/physcom_web/app.py
+++ b/src/physcom_web/app.py
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+"""Flask application factory and DB setup."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from flask import Flask, g
+
+from physcom.db.schema import init_db
+from physcom.db.repository import Repository
+
+
+DEFAULT_DB = Path("data/physcom.db")
+
+
+def get_repo() -> Repository:
+    """Return a Repository scoped to the current request."""
+    if "repo" not in g:
+        db_path = Path(os.environ.get("PHYSCOM_DB", str(DEFAULT_DB)))
+        conn = init_db(db_path)
+        g.repo = Repository(conn)
+    return g.repo
+
+
+def close_db(exc: BaseException | None = None) -> None:
+    repo: Repository | None = g.pop("repo", None)
+    if repo is not None:
+        repo.conn.close()
+
+
+def create_app() -> Flask:
+    app = Flask(__name__)
+    app.secret_key = os.environ.get("FLASK_SECRET_KEY", "physcom-dev-key")
+
+    app.teardown_appcontext(close_db)
+
+    # Register blueprints
+    from physcom_web.routes.entities import bp as entities_bp
+    from physcom_web.routes.domains import bp as domains_bp
+    from physcom_web.routes.pipeline import bp as pipeline_bp
+    from physcom_web.routes.results import bp as results_bp
+
+    app.register_blueprint(entities_bp)
+    app.register_blueprint(domains_bp)
+    app.register_blueprint(pipeline_bp)
+    app.register_blueprint(results_bp)
+
+    @app.route("/")
+    def index():
+        from flask import redirect, url_for
+        return redirect(url_for("entities.entity_list"))
+
+    return app
+
+
+def run() -> None:
+    """Entry point for `physcom-web` script."""
+    app = create_app()
+    app.run(debug=True, port=int(os.environ.get("PORT", "5000")))
--- a/src/physcom_web/routes/init.py
+++ b/src/physcom_web/routes/init.py
--- a/src/physcom_web/routes/domains.py
+++ b/src/physcom_web/routes/domains.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+"""Domain listing routes."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from flask import Blueprint, render_template
+
+from physcom_web.app import get_repo
+
+bp = Blueprint("domains", __name__, url_prefix="/domains")
+
+
+@bp.route("/")
+def domain_list():
+    repo = get_repo()
+    domains = repo.list_domains()
+    return render_template("domains/list.html", domains=domains)
--- a/src/physcom_web/routes/entities.py
+++ b/src/physcom_web/routes/entities.py
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+"""Entity + dependency CRUD routes."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from flask import Blueprint, flash, redirect, render_template, request, url_for
+
+from physcom.models.entity import Dependency, Entity
+from physcom_web.app import get_repo
+
+bp = Blueprint("entities", __name__, url_prefix="/entities")
+
+
+@bp.route("/")
+def entity_list():
+    repo = get_repo()
+    entities = repo.list_entities()
+    # Group by dimension
+    grouped: dict[str, list[Entity]] = {}
+    for e in entities:
+        grouped.setdefault(e.dimension, []).append(e)
+    return render_template("entities/list.html", grouped=grouped)
+
+
+@bp.route("/new", methods=["GET", "POST"])
+def entity_new():
+    repo = get_repo()
+    if request.method == "POST":
+        dimension = request.form["dimension"].strip()
+        name = request.form["name"].strip()
+        description = request.form.get("description", "").strip()
+        if not dimension or not name:
+            flash("Dimension and name are required.", "error")
+            return render_template("entities/form.html", entity=None,
+                                   dimensions=repo.list_dimensions())
+        entity = Entity(name=name, dimension=dimension, description=description)
+        repo.add_entity(entity)
+        flash(f"Entity '{name}' added to '{dimension}'.", "success")
+        return redirect(url_for("entities.entity_detail", entity_id=entity.id))
+    return render_template("entities/form.html", entity=None,
+                           dimensions=repo.list_dimensions())
+
+
+@bp.route("/<int:entity_id>")
+def entity_detail(entity_id: int):
+    repo = get_repo()
+    entity = repo.get_entity(entity_id)
+    if not entity:
+        flash("Entity not found.", "error")
+        return redirect(url_for("entities.entity_list"))
+    return render_template("entities/detail.html", entity=entity)
+
+
+@bp.route("/<int:entity_id>/edit", methods=["GET", "POST"])
+def entity_edit(entity_id: int):
+    repo = get_repo()
+    entity = repo.get_entity(entity_id)
+    if not entity:
+        flash("Entity not found.", "error")
+        return redirect(url_for("entities.entity_list"))
+    if request.method == "POST":
+        name = request.form["name"].strip()
+        description = request.form.get("description", "").strip()
+        if not name:
+            flash("Name is required.", "error")
+            return render_template("entities/form.html", entity=entity,
+                                   dimensions=repo.list_dimensions())
+        repo.update_entity(entity_id, name, description)
+        flash(f"Entity '{name}' updated.", "success")
+        return redirect(url_for("entities.entity_detail", entity_id=entity_id))
+    return render_template("entities/form.html", entity=entity,
+                           dimensions=repo.list_dimensions())
+
+
+@bp.route("/<int:entity_id>/delete", methods=["POST"])
+def entity_delete(entity_id: int):
+    repo = get_repo()
+    entity = repo.get_entity(entity_id)
+    if entity:
+        repo.delete_entity(entity_id)
+        flash(f"Entity '{entity.name}' deleted.", "success")
+    return redirect(url_for("entities.entity_list"))
+
+
+# ── Dependency CRUD (HTMX partials) ─────────────────────────
+
+
+@bp.route("/<int:entity_id>/deps/add", methods=["POST"])
+def dep_add(entity_id: int):
+    repo = get_repo()
+    dep = Dependency(
+        category=request.form["category"].strip(),
+        key=request.form["key"].strip(),
+        value=request.form["value"].strip(),
+        unit=request.form.get("unit", "").strip() or None,
+        constraint_type=request.form.get("constraint_type", "requires").strip(),
+    )
+    if not dep.category or not dep.key or not dep.value:
+        flash("Category, key, and value are required.", "error")
+    else:
+        repo.add_dependency(entity_id, dep)
+        flash("Dependency added.", "success")
+    entity = repo.get_entity(entity_id)
+    return render_template("entities/_dep_table.html", entity=entity)
+
+
+@bp.route("/<int:entity_id>/deps/<int:dep_id>/edit", methods=["POST"])
+def dep_edit(entity_id: int, dep_id: int):
+    repo = get_repo()
+    dep = Dependency(
+        category=request.form["category"].strip(),
+        key=request.form["key"].strip(),
+        value=request.form["value"].strip(),
+        unit=request.form.get("unit", "").strip() or None,
+        constraint_type=request.form.get("constraint_type", "requires").strip(),
+    )
+    repo.update_dependency(dep_id, dep)
+    flash("Dependency updated.", "success")
+    entity = repo.get_entity(entity_id)
+    return render_template("entities/_dep_table.html", entity=entity)
+
+
+@bp.route("/<int:entity_id>/deps/<int:dep_id>/delete", methods=["POST"])
+def dep_delete(entity_id: int, dep_id: int):
+    repo = get_repo()
+    repo.delete_dependency(dep_id)
+    flash("Dependency deleted.", "success")
+    entity = repo.get_entity(entity_id)
+    return render_template("entities/_dep_table.html", entity=entity)
--- a/src/physcom_web/routes/pipeline.py
+++ b/src/physcom_web/routes/pipeline.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+"""Pipeline run routes."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from flask import Blueprint, flash, redirect, render_template, request, url_for
+
+from physcom_web.app import get_repo
+
+bp = Blueprint("pipeline", __name__, url_prefix="/pipeline")
+
+
+@bp.route("/")
+def pipeline_form():
+    repo = get_repo()
+    domains = repo.list_domains()
+    dimensions = repo.list_dimensions()
+    return render_template("pipeline/run.html", domains=domains, dimensions=dimensions)
+
+
+@bp.route("/run", methods=["POST"])
+def pipeline_run():
+    repo = get_repo()
+
+    domain_name = request.form["domain"]
+    domain = repo.get_domain(domain_name)
+    if not domain:
+        flash(f"Domain '{domain_name}' not found.", "error")
+        return redirect(url_for("pipeline.pipeline_form"))
+
+    passes = [int(p) for p in request.form.getlist("passes")]
+    if not passes:
+        passes = [1, 2, 3]
+
+    threshold = float(request.form.get("threshold", 0.1))
+    dim_list = request.form.getlist("dimensions")
+    if not dim_list:
+        flash("Select at least one dimension.", "error")
+        return redirect(url_for("pipeline.pipeline_form"))
+
+    from physcom.engine.constraint_resolver import ConstraintResolver
+    from physcom.engine.scorer import Scorer
+    from physcom.engine.pipeline import Pipeline
+
+    resolver = ConstraintResolver()
+    scorer = Scorer(domain)
+    pipeline = Pipeline(repo, resolver, scorer, llm=None)
+
+    result = pipeline.run(domain, dim_list, score_threshold=threshold, passes=passes)
+
+    flash(
+        f"Pipeline complete: {result.total_generated} combos generated, "
+        f"{result.pass1_valid} valid, {result.pass1_blocked} blocked, "
+        f"{result.pass3_above_threshold} above threshold.",
+        "success",
+    )
+    return redirect(url_for("results.results_domain", domain_name=domain_name))
--- a/src/physcom_web/routes/results.py
+++ b/src/physcom_web/routes/results.py
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+"""Results browse + review routes."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from flask import Blueprint, flash, redirect, render_template, request, url_for
+
+from physcom_web.app import get_repo
+
+bp = Blueprint("results", __name__, url_prefix="/results")
+
+
+@bp.route("/")
+def results_index():
+    repo = get_repo()
+    domains = repo.list_domains()
+    return render_template("results/list.html", domains=domains, results=None, domain=None)
+
+
+@bp.route("/<domain_name>")
+def results_domain(domain_name: str):
+    repo = get_repo()
+    domain = repo.get_domain(domain_name)
+    if not domain:
+        flash(f"Domain '{domain_name}' not found.", "error")
+        return redirect(url_for("results.results_index"))
+
+    status_filter = request.args.get("status")
+    results = repo.get_all_results(domain_name, status=status_filter)
+    statuses = repo.count_combinations_by_status()
+
+    return render_template(
+        "results/list.html",
+        domains=repo.list_domains(),
+        domain=domain,
+        results=results,
+        status_filter=status_filter,
+        statuses=statuses,
+    )
+
+
+@bp.route("/<domain_name>/<int:combo_id>")
+def result_detail(domain_name: str, combo_id: int):
+    repo = get_repo()
+    domain = repo.get_domain(domain_name)
+    if not domain:
+        flash(f"Domain '{domain_name}' not found.", "error")
+        return redirect(url_for("results.results_index"))
+
+    combo = repo.get_combination(combo_id)
+    if not combo:
+        flash("Combination not found.", "error")
+        return redirect(url_for("results.results_domain", domain_name=domain_name))
+
+    result = repo.get_result(combo_id, domain.id)
+    scores = repo.get_combination_scores(combo_id, domain.id)
+
+    return render_template(
+        "results/detail.html",
+        domain=domain,
+        combo=combo,
+        result=result,
+        scores=scores,
+    )
+
+
+@bp.route("/<domain_name>/<int:combo_id>/review", methods=["POST"])
+def submit_review(domain_name: str, combo_id: int):
+    repo = get_repo()
+    domain = repo.get_domain(domain_name)
+    if not domain:
+        flash(f"Domain '{domain_name}' not found.", "error")
+        return redirect(url_for("results.results_index"))
+
+    novelty_flag = request.form.get("novelty_flag", "").strip() or None
+    human_notes = request.form.get("human_notes", "").strip() or None
+
+    # Get existing result to preserve composite_score
+    existing = repo.get_result(combo_id, domain.id)
+    composite_score = existing["composite_score"] if existing else 0.0
+
+    repo.save_result(
+        combo_id, domain.id, composite_score,
+        pass_reached=5,
+        novelty_flag=novelty_flag,
+        human_notes=human_notes,
+    )
+    repo.update_combination_status(combo_id, "reviewed")
+
+    # Return HTMX partial or redirect
+    if request.headers.get("HX-Request"):
+        return render_template("results/_review_done.html",
+                               novelty_flag=novelty_flag, human_notes=human_notes)
+    flash("Review saved.", "success")
+    return redirect(url_for("results.result_detail",
+                            domain_name=domain_name, combo_id=combo_id))
--- a/src/physcom_web/static/style.css
+++ b/src/physcom_web/static/style.css
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+/* ── Reset & Base ─────────────────────────────────────────── */
+*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
+
+body {
+  font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  color: #1a1a2e;
+  background: #f5f5f7;
+}
+
+a { color: #2563eb; text-decoration: none; }
+a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
+
+/* ── Nav ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+nav {
+  background: #1a1a2e;
+  color: #fff;
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  padding: 0.5rem 1.5rem;
+  gap: 2rem;
+}
+nav .nav-brand { color: #fff; font-weight: 700; font-size: 1.1rem; }
+nav ul { list-style: none; display: flex; gap: 1.25rem; }
+nav a { color: #c4c4d4; }
+nav a:hover { color: #fff; text-decoration: none; }
+
+/* ── Main ────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+main { max-width: 1100px; margin: 1.5rem auto; padding: 0 1rem; }
+
+/* ── Page header ─────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.page-header {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  align-items: center;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+
+h1 { font-size: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 0.75rem; }
+h2 { font-size: 1.2rem; margin: 1rem 0 0.5rem; }
+h3 { font-size: 1rem; margin-bottom: 0.25rem; }
+.subtitle { font-weight: 400; color: #666; font-size: 0.9rem; }
+
+/* ── Cards ───────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.card {
+  background: #fff;
+  border: 1px solid #e2e2e8;
+  border-radius: 8px;
+  padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+.card-grid {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(320px, 1fr));
+  gap: 1rem;
+}
+
+/* ── Tables ──────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.9rem; }
+th, td { padding: 0.4rem 0.6rem; text-align: left; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; }
+th { font-weight: 600; color: #555; font-size: 0.8rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.03em; }
+table.compact th, table.compact td { padding: 0.25rem 0.4rem; font-size: 0.85rem; }
+
+/* ── Score cells ─────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.score-cell { font-family: monospace; font-weight: 600; }
+
+/* ── Badges ──────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.badge {
+  display: inline-block;
+  padding: 0.15rem 0.5rem;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  font-size: 0.75rem;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  background: #e2e2e8;
+  color: #333;
+}
+.badge-requires { background: #dbeafe; color: #1e40af; }
+.badge-provides { background: #dcfce7; color: #166534; }
+.badge-range_min, .badge-range_max { background: #fef3c7; color: #92400e; }
+.badge-excludes { background: #fee2e2; color: #991b1b; }
+.badge-valid { background: #dcfce7; color: #166534; }
+.badge-blocked { background: #fee2e2; color: #991b1b; }
+.badge-scored { background: #dbeafe; color: #1e40af; }
+.badge-reviewed { background: #f3e8ff; color: #6b21a8; }
+.badge-pending { background: #fef3c7; color: #92400e; }
+
+/* ── Buttons ─────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.btn {
+  display: inline-block;
+  padding: 0.4rem 0.85rem;
+  border: 1px solid #d1d5db;
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  background: #fff;
+  color: #374151;
+  font-size: 0.85rem;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+.btn:hover { background: #f3f4f6; text-decoration: none; }
+.btn-primary { background: #2563eb; color: #fff; border-color: #2563eb; }
+.btn-primary:hover { background: #1d4ed8; }
+.btn-danger { background: #dc2626; color: #fff; border-color: #dc2626; }
+.btn-danger:hover { background: #b91c1c; }
+.btn-sm { padding: 0.2rem 0.5rem; font-size: 0.8rem; }
+
+/* ── Forms ───────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.form-group { margin-bottom: 0.75rem; }
+.form-group label { display: block; font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.85rem; margin-bottom: 0.25rem; }
+.form-group input, .form-group select, .form-group textarea {
+  width: 100%;
+  padding: 0.4rem 0.6rem;
+  border: 1px solid #d1d5db;
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  font-size: 0.9rem;
+}
+.form-actions { margin-top: 1rem; display: flex; gap: 0.5rem; }
+.form-row { display: flex; gap: 0.5rem; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
+.form-row input, .form-row select { width: auto; flex: 1; min-width: 80px; }
+
+fieldset { border: 1px solid #e2e2e8; border-radius: 6px; padding: 0.75rem; margin-bottom: 0.75rem; }
+legend { font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.85rem; padding: 0 0.3rem; }
+.checkbox-row { display: flex; gap: 1rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
+.checkbox-row label { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.3rem; font-size: 0.9rem; }
+
+/* ── Inline form (for delete buttons) ────────────────────── */
+.inline-form { display: inline; }
+
+/* ── Flash messages ──────────────────────────────────────── */
+.flash-container { margin-bottom: 1rem; }
+.flash {
+  padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
+  font-size: 0.9rem;
+}
+.flash-success { background: #dcfce7; color: #166534; border: 1px solid #bbf7d0; }
+.flash-error { background: #fee2e2; color: #991b1b; border: 1px solid #fecaca; }
+.flash-info { background: #dbeafe; color: #1e40af; border: 1px solid #bfdbfe; }
+
+/* ── Filter row ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.filter-row { display: flex; gap: 0.5rem; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
+.filter-row span { font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.85rem; color: #555; }
+
+/* ── DL styling ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
+dl { display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 1fr; gap: 0.25rem 1rem; }
+dt { font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.85rem; color: #555; }
+dd { font-size: 0.9rem; }
+
+/* ── Empty state ─────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.empty { color: #666; padding: 2rem 0; text-align: center; }
+
+/* ── Actions column ──────────────────────────────────────── */
+.actions { white-space: nowrap; display: flex; gap: 0.25rem; }
+
+/* ── Dep add form ────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.dep-add-form { margin-top: 0.75rem; }
--- a/src/physcom_web/templates/base.html
+++ b/src/physcom_web/templates/base.html
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+  <meta charset="utf-8">
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+  <title>{% block title %}PhysCom{% endblock %}</title>
+  <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ url_for('static', filename='style.css') }}">
+  <script src="https://unpkg.com/htmx.org@2.0.4"></script>
+</head>
+<body>
+  <nav>
+    <a href="{{ url_for('entities.entity_list') }}" class="nav-brand">PhysCom</a>
+    <ul>
+      <li><a href="{{ url_for('entities.entity_list') }}">Entities</a></li>
+      <li><a href="{{ url_for('domains.domain_list') }}">Domains</a></li>
+      <li><a href="{{ url_for('pipeline.pipeline_form') }}">Pipeline</a></li>
+      <li><a href="{{ url_for('results.results_index') }}">Results</a></li>
+    </ul>
+  </nav>
+
+  <main>
+    {% with messages = get_flashed_messages(with_categories=true) %}
+    {% if messages %}
+    <div class="flash-container">
+      {% for category, message in messages %}
+      <div class="flash flash-{{ category }}">{{ message }}</div>
+      {% endfor %}
+    </div>
+    {% endif %}
+    {% endwith %}
+
+    {% block content %}{% endblock %}
+  </main>
+</body>
+</html>
--- a/src/physcom_web/templates/domains/list.html
+++ b/src/physcom_web/templates/domains/list.html
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+{% block title %}Domains — PhysCom{% endblock %}
+
+{% block content %}
+<h1>Domains</h1>
+
+{% if not domains %}
+<p class="empty">No domains found. Seed data via CLI first.</p>
+{% else %}
+<div class="card-grid">
+  {% for d in domains %}
+  <div class="card">
+    <h2>{{ d.name }}</h2>
+    <p>{{ d.description }}</p>
+    <table>
+      <thead>
+        <tr><th>Metric</th><th>Weight</th><th>Min</th><th>Max</th></tr>
+      </thead>
+      <tbody>
+        {% for mb in d.metric_bounds %}
+        <tr>
+          <td>{{ mb.metric_name }}</td>
+          <td>{{ mb.weight }}</td>
+          <td>{{ mb.norm_min }}</td>
+          <td>{{ mb.norm_max }}</td>
+        </tr>
+        {% endfor %}
+      </tbody>
+    </table>
+  </div>
+  {% endfor %}
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+{% endblock %}
--- a/src/physcom_web/templates/entities/_dep_table.html
+++ b/src/physcom_web/templates/entities/_dep_table.html
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+<table id="dep-table">
+  <thead>
+    <tr>
+      <th>Category</th>
+      <th>Key</th>
+      <th>Value</th>
+      <th>Unit</th>
+      <th>Type</th>
+      <th></th>
+    </tr>
+  </thead>
+  <tbody id="dep-table-body">
+    {% for dep in entity.dependencies %}
+    <tr>
+      <td>{{ dep.category }}</td>
+      <td>{{ dep.key }}</td>
+      <td>{{ dep.value }}</td>
+      <td>{{ dep.unit or '—' }}</td>
+      <td><span class="badge badge-{{ dep.constraint_type }}">{{ dep.constraint_type }}</span></td>
+      <td class="actions">
+        <button class="btn btn-sm"
+                onclick="this.closest('tr').querySelector('.edit-row').style.display='table-row'; this.closest('tr').style.display='none'">
+          Edit
+        </button>
+        <form method="post"
+              hx-post="{{ url_for('entities.dep_delete', entity_id=entity.id, dep_id=dep.id) }}"
+              hx-target="#dep-section" hx-swap="innerHTML"
+              class="inline-form">
+          <button type="submit" class="btn btn-sm btn-danger">Del</button>
+        </form>
+      </td>
+    </tr>
+    <tr class="edit-row" style="display:none">
+      <form method="post"
+            hx-post="{{ url_for('entities.dep_edit', entity_id=entity.id, dep_id=dep.id) }}"
+            hx-target="#dep-section" hx-swap="innerHTML">
+        <td><input name="category" value="{{ dep.category }}" required></td>
+        <td><input name="key" value="{{ dep.key }}" required></td>
+        <td><input name="value" value="{{ dep.value }}" required></td>
+        <td><input name="unit" value="{{ dep.unit or '' }}"></td>
+        <td>
+          <select name="constraint_type">
+            {% for ct in ['requires', 'provides', 'range_min', 'range_max', 'excludes'] %}
+            <option value="{{ ct }}" {{ 'selected' if dep.constraint_type == ct }}>{{ ct }}</option>
+            {% endfor %}
+          </select>
+        </td>
+        <td>
+          <button type="submit" class="btn btn-sm btn-primary">Save</button>
+          <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm"
+                  onclick="this.closest('tr').style.display='none'; this.closest('tr').previousElementSibling.style.display=''">
+            Cancel
+          </button>
+        </td>
+      </form>
+    </tr>
+    {% endfor %}
+  </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<h3>Add Dependency</h3>
+<form method="post"
+      hx-post="{{ url_for('entities.dep_add', entity_id=entity.id) }}"
+      hx-target="#dep-section" hx-swap="innerHTML"
+      class="dep-add-form">
+  <div class="form-row">
+    <input name="category" placeholder="category" required>
+    <input name="key" placeholder="key" required>
+    <input name="value" placeholder="value" required>
+    <input name="unit" placeholder="unit">
+    <select name="constraint_type">
+      <option value="requires">requires</option>
+      <option value="provides">provides</option>
+      <option value="range_min">range_min</option>
+      <option value="range_max">range_max</option>
+      <option value="excludes">excludes</option>
+    </select>
+    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Add</button>
+  </div>
+</form>
--- a/src/physcom_web/templates/entities/detail.html
+++ b/src/physcom_web/templates/entities/detail.html
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+{% block title %}{{ entity.name }} — PhysCom{% endblock %}
+
+{% block content %}
+<div class="page-header">
+  <h1>{{ entity.name }}</h1>
+  <div>
+    <a href="{{ url_for('entities.entity_edit', entity_id=entity.id) }}" class="btn">Edit</a>
+    <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('entities.entity_delete', entity_id=entity.id) }}" class="inline-form"
+          onsubmit="return confirm('Delete this entity?')">
+      <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>
+    </form>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="card">
+  <dl>
+    <dt>Dimension</dt><dd>{{ entity.dimension }}</dd>
+    <dt>Description</dt><dd>{{ entity.description or '—' }}</dd>
+  </dl>
+</div>
+
+<h2>Dependencies</h2>
+
+<div id="dep-section">
+  {% include "entities/_dep_table.html" %}
+</div>
+{% endblock %}
--- a/src/physcom_web/templates/entities/form.html
+++ b/src/physcom_web/templates/entities/form.html
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+{% block title %}{{ 'Edit' if entity else 'Add' }} Entity — PhysCom{% endblock %}
+
+{% block content %}
+<h1>{{ 'Edit' if entity else 'New' }} Entity</h1>
+
+<div class="card">
+  <form method="post">
+    <div class="form-group">
+      <label for="dimension">Dimension</label>
+      {% if entity %}
+        <input type="text" id="dimension" name="dimension" value="{{ entity.dimension }}" readonly>
+      {% else %}
+        <input type="text" id="dimension" name="dimension" list="dim-list"
+               value="{{ request.form.get('dimension', '') }}" required placeholder="e.g. platform">
+        <datalist id="dim-list">
+          {% for d in dimensions %}
+          <option value="{{ d.name }}">
+          {% endfor %}
+        </datalist>
+      {% endif %}
+    </div>
+    <div class="form-group">
+      <label for="name">Name</label>
+      <input type="text" id="name" name="name"
+             value="{{ entity.name if entity else request.form.get('name', '') }}" required>
+    </div>
+    <div class="form-group">
+      <label for="description">Description</label>
+      <textarea id="description" name="description" rows="3">{{ entity.description if entity else request.form.get('description', '') }}</textarea>
+    </div>
+    <div class="form-actions">
+      <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">{{ 'Save' if entity else 'Create' }}</button>
+      <a href="{{ url_for('entities.entity_detail', entity_id=entity.id) if entity else url_for('entities.entity_list') }}" class="btn">Cancel</a>
+    </div>
+  </form>
+</div>
+{% endblock %}
--- a/src/physcom_web/templates/entities/list.html
+++ b/src/physcom_web/templates/entities/list.html
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+{% block title %}Entities — PhysCom{% endblock %}
+
+{% block content %}
+<div class="page-header">
+  <h1>Entities</h1>
+  <a href="{{ url_for('entities.entity_new') }}" class="btn btn-primary">+ Add Entity</a>
+</div>
+
+{% if not grouped %}
+<p class="empty">No entities found. <a href="{{ url_for('entities.entity_new') }}">Add one</a> or seed data via CLI.</p>
+{% else %}
+  {% for dimension, entities in grouped.items() %}
+  <div class="card">
+    <h2>{{ dimension }}</h2>
+    <table>
+      <thead>
+        <tr>
+          <th>ID</th>
+          <th>Name</th>
+          <th>Description</th>
+          <th>Deps</th>
+          <th></th>
+        </tr>
+      </thead>
+      <tbody>
+        {% for e in entities %}
+        <tr>
+          <td>{{ e.id }}</td>
+          <td><a href="{{ url_for('entities.entity_detail', entity_id=e.id) }}">{{ e.name }}</a></td>
+          <td>{{ e.description }}</td>
+          <td>{{ e.dependencies|length }}</td>
+          <td>
+            <a href="{{ url_for('entities.entity_edit', entity_id=e.id) }}" class="btn btn-sm">Edit</a>
+          </td>
+        </tr>
+        {% endfor %}
+      </tbody>
+    </table>
+  </div>
+  {% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
+{% endblock %}
--- a/src/physcom_web/templates/pipeline/run.html
+++ b/src/physcom_web/templates/pipeline/run.html
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+{% block title %}Run Pipeline — PhysCom{% endblock %}
+
+{% block content %}
+<h1>Run Pipeline</h1>
+
+<div class="card">
+  <form method="post" action="{{ url_for('pipeline.pipeline_run') }}">
+    <div class="form-group">
+      <label for="domain">Domain</label>
+      <select name="domain" id="domain" required>
+        <option value="">— select —</option>
+        {% for d in domains %}
+        <option value="{{ d.name }}">{{ d.name }} — {{ d.description }}</option>
+        {% endfor %}
+      </select>
+    </div>
+
+    <fieldset>
+      <legend>Passes</legend>
+      <div class="checkbox-row">
+        {% for p in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] %}
+        <label>
+          <input type="checkbox" name="passes" value="{{ p }}"
+                 {{ 'checked' if p <= 3 }}>
+          Pass {{ p }}
+          {% if p == 1 %}(Constraints)
+          {% elif p == 2 %}(Estimation)
+          {% elif p == 3 %}(Scoring)
+          {% elif p == 4 %}(LLM Review)
+          {% elif p == 5 %}(Human Review)
+          {% endif %}
+        </label>
+        {% endfor %}
+      </div>
+    </fieldset>
+
+    <div class="form-group">
+      <label for="threshold">Score Threshold</label>
+      <input type="number" name="threshold" id="threshold" value="0.1" step="0.01" min="0" max="1">
+    </div>
+
+    <fieldset>
+      <legend>Dimensions</legend>
+      <div class="checkbox-row">
+        {% for d in dimensions %}
+        <label>
+          <input type="checkbox" name="dimensions" value="{{ d.name }}" checked>
+          {{ d.name }}
+        </label>
+        {% endfor %}
+      </div>
+    </fieldset>
+
+    <div class="form-actions">
+      <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Run Pipeline</button>
+    </div>
+  </form>
+</div>
+{% endblock %}
--- a/src/physcom_web/templates/results/_review_done.html
+++ b/src/physcom_web/templates/results/_review_done.html
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<div class="card">
+  <p class="flash flash-success">Review saved.</p>
+  <dl>
+    {% if novelty_flag %}<dt>Novelty</dt><dd>{{ novelty_flag }}</dd>{% endif %}
+    {% if human_notes %}<dt>Notes</dt><dd>{{ human_notes }}</dd>{% endif %}
+  </dl>
+</div>
--- a/src/physcom_web/templates/results/_review_form.html
+++ b/src/physcom_web/templates/results/_review_form.html
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<div class="card">
+  <form method="post"
+        hx-post="{{ url_for('results.submit_review', domain_name=domain.name, combo_id=combo.id) }}"
+        hx-target="#review-section" hx-swap="innerHTML">
+    <div class="form-group">
+      <label for="novelty_flag">Novelty Flag</label>
+      <select name="novelty_flag" id="novelty_flag">
+        <option value="">— none —</option>
+        <option value="novel" {{ 'selected' if result and result.novelty_flag == 'novel' }}>novel</option>
+        <option value="exists" {{ 'selected' if result and result.novelty_flag == 'exists' }}>exists</option>
+        <option value="researched" {{ 'selected' if result and result.novelty_flag == 'researched' }}>researched</option>
+      </select>
+    </div>
+    <div class="form-group">
+      <label for="human_notes">Notes</label>
+      <textarea name="human_notes" id="human_notes" rows="3">{{ result.human_notes if result and result.human_notes else '' }}</textarea>
+    </div>
+    <div class="form-actions">
+      <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Save Review</button>
+    </div>
+  </form>
+</div>
--- a/src/physcom_web/templates/results/detail.html
+++ b/src/physcom_web/templates/results/detail.html
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+{% block title %}Combination #{{ combo.id }} — PhysCom{% endblock %}
+
+{% block content %}
+<div class="page-header">
+  <h1>Combination #{{ combo.id }}</h1>
+  <a href="{{ url_for('results.results_domain', domain_name=domain.name) }}" class="btn">Back to list</a>
+</div>
+
+<div class="card">
+  <dl>
+    <dt>Domain</dt><dd>{{ domain.name }}</dd>
+    <dt>Status</dt><dd><span class="badge badge-{{ combo.status }}">{{ combo.status }}</span></dd>
+    {% if combo.block_reason %}
+    <dt>Block Reason</dt><dd>{{ combo.block_reason }}</dd>
+    {% endif %}
+    {% if result %}
+    <dt>Composite Score</dt><dd class="score-cell">{{ "%.4f"|format(result.composite_score) }}</dd>
+    <dt>Pass Reached</dt><dd>{{ result.pass_reached }}</dd>
+    {% if result.novelty_flag %}
+    <dt>Novelty</dt><dd>{{ result.novelty_flag }}</dd>
+    {% endif %}
+    {% if result.llm_review %}
+    <dt>LLM Review</dt><dd>{{ result.llm_review }}</dd>
+    {% endif %}
+    {% if result.human_notes %}
+    <dt>Human Notes</dt><dd>{{ result.human_notes }}</dd>
+    {% endif %}
+    {% endif %}
+  </dl>
+</div>
+
+<h2>Entities</h2>
+<div class="card-grid">
+  {% for e in combo.entities %}
+  <div class="card">
+    <h3><a href="{{ url_for('entities.entity_detail', entity_id=e.id) }}">{{ e.name }}</a></h3>
+    <p class="subtitle">{{ e.dimension }}</p>
+    <p>{{ e.description }}</p>
+    <table class="compact">
+      <thead><tr><th>Key</th><th>Value</th><th>Type</th></tr></thead>
+      <tbody>
+        {% for dep in e.dependencies %}
+        <tr>
+          <td>{{ dep.key }}</td>
+          <td>{{ dep.value }}{{ ' ' + dep.unit if dep.unit else '' }}</td>
+          <td><span class="badge badge-{{ dep.constraint_type }}">{{ dep.constraint_type }}</span></td>
+        </tr>
+        {% endfor %}
+      </tbody>
+    </table>
+  </div>
+  {% endfor %}
+</div>
+
+{% if scores %}
+<h2>Per-Metric Scores</h2>
+<div class="card">
+  <table>
+    <thead>
+      <tr><th>Metric</th><th>Raw Value</th><th>Normalized</th><th>Method</th><th>Confidence</th></tr>
+    </thead>
+    <tbody>
+      {% for s in scores %}
+      <tr>
+        <td>{{ s.metric_name }}</td>
+        <td>{{ "%.2f"|format(s.raw_value) if s.raw_value is not none else '—' }}</td>
+        <td class="score-cell">{{ "%.4f"|format(s.normalized_score) if s.normalized_score is not none else '—' }}</td>
+        <td>{{ s.estimation_method or '—' }}</td>
+        <td>{{ "%.2f"|format(s.confidence) if s.confidence is not none else '—' }}</td>
+      </tr>
+      {% endfor %}
+    </tbody>
+  </table>
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+
+<h2>Human Review</h2>
+<div id="review-section">
+  {% include "results/_review_form.html" %}
+</div>
+{% endblock %}
--- a/src/physcom_web/templates/results/list.html
+++ b/src/physcom_web/templates/results/list.html
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+{% block title %}Results — PhysCom{% endblock %}
+
+{% block content %}
+<h1>Results</h1>
+
+<div class="form-row" style="margin-bottom:1rem">
+  {% for d in domains %}
+  <a href="{{ url_for('results.results_domain', domain_name=d.name) }}"
+     class="btn {{ 'btn-primary' if domain and domain.name == d.name else '' }}">
+    {{ d.name }}
+  </a>
+  {% endfor %}
+</div>
+
+{% if domain and results is not none %}
+<div class="card">
+  <h2>{{ domain.name }} <span class="subtitle">{{ domain.description }}</span></h2>
+
+  {% if statuses %}
+  <div class="filter-row">
+    <span>Filter:</span>
+    <a href="{{ url_for('results.results_domain', domain_name=domain.name) }}"
+       class="btn btn-sm {{ '' if status_filter else 'btn-primary' }}">All</a>
+    {% for s, cnt in statuses.items() %}
+    <a href="{{ url_for('results.results_domain', domain_name=domain.name, status=s) }}"
+       class="btn btn-sm {{ 'btn-primary' if status_filter == s else '' }}">
+      {{ s }} ({{ cnt }})
+    </a>
+    {% endfor %}
+  </div>
+  {% endif %}
+
+  {% if not results %}
+  <p class="empty">No results yet. <a href="{{ url_for('pipeline.pipeline_form') }}">Run the pipeline</a> first.</p>
+  {% else %}
+  <table>
+    <thead>
+      <tr>
+        <th>#</th>
+        <th>Score</th>
+        <th>Entities</th>
+        <th>Status</th>
+        <th>Novelty</th>
+        <th></th>
+      </tr>
+    </thead>
+    <tbody>
+      {% for r in results %}
+      <tr>
+        <td>{{ loop.index }}</td>
+        <td class="score-cell">{{ "%.4f"|format(r.composite_score) }}</td>
+        <td>{{ r.combination.entities|map(attribute='name')|join(' + ') }}</td>
+        <td><span class="badge badge-{{ r.combination.status }}">{{ r.combination.status }}</span></td>
+        <td>{{ r.novelty_flag or '—' }}</td>
+        <td>
+          <a href="{{ url_for('results.result_detail', domain_name=domain.name, combo_id=r.combination.id) }}"
+             class="btn btn-sm">View</a>
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+      {% endfor %}
+    </tbody>
+  </table>
+  {% endif %}
+</div>
+{% elif not domain %}
+<p class="empty">Select a domain above to view results.</p>
+{% endif %}
+{% endblock %}
--- a/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+"""Shared fixtures for tests."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sqlite3
+
+import pytest
+
+from physcom.db.schema import init_db
+from physcom.db.repository import Repository
+from physcom.models.entity import Entity, Dependency
+from physcom.models.domain import Domain, MetricBound
+from physcom.models.combination import Combination
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def repo(tmp_path):
+    """Fresh in-memory repository for each test."""
+    db_path = tmp_path / "test.db"
+    conn = init_db(db_path)
+    return Repository(conn)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def seeded_repo(repo):
+    """Repository pre-loaded with transport seed data."""
+    from physcom.seed.transport_example import load_transport_seed
+    load_transport_seed(repo)
+    return repo
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def walking():
+    return Entity(
+        name="Walking",
+        dimension="platform",
+        description="Bipedal locomotion",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("environment", "ground_surface", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "gravity", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "150", "kg", "range_max"),
+            Dependency("force", "force_required_watts", "75", "watts", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("environment", "medium", "ground", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def bicycle():
+    return Entity(
+        name="Bicycle",
+        dimension="platform",
+        description="Two-wheeled human-scale vehicle",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("environment", "ground_surface", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("environment", "gravity", "true", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "30", "kg", "range_max"),
+            Dependency("force", "force_required_watts", "75", "watts", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("environment", "medium", "ground", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def spaceship():
+    return Entity(
+        name="Spaceship",
+        dimension="platform",
+        description="Vehicle designed for space travel",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("environment", "atmosphere", "vacuum_or_thin", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "5000", "kg", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("force", "force_required_watts", "1000000", "watts", "range_min"),
+            Dependency("environment", "medium", "space", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def solar_sail():
+    return Entity(
+        name="Solar Sail",
+        dimension="power_source",
+        description="Propulsion via radiation pressure",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("environment", "atmosphere", "vacuum_or_thin", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "1", "watts", "provides"),
+            Dependency("environment", "medium", "space", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def human_pedalling():
+    return Entity(
+        name="Human Pedalling",
+        dimension="power_source",
+        description="Human-powered via pedalling",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "75", "watts", "provides"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "0", "kg", "range_min"),
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def nuclear_reactor():
+    return Entity(
+        name="Modular Nuclear Reactor",
+        dimension="power_source",
+        description="Small modular nuclear fission reactor",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "50000000", "watts", "provides"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "2000", "kg", "range_min"),
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def hydrogen_engine():
+    return Entity(
+        name="Hydrogen Combustion Engine",
+        dimension="power_source",
+        description="Hydrogen fuel cell",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "80000", "watts", "provides"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "30", "kg", "range_min"),
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def ice_engine():
+    return Entity(
+        name="Internal Combustion Engine",
+        dimension="power_source",
+        description="Gas-powered engine",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "100000", "watts", "provides"),
+            Dependency("environment", "atmosphere", "standard", None, "requires"),
+            Dependency("physical", "mass_kg", "50", "kg", "range_min"),
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def urban_domain():
+    return Domain(
+        name="urban_commuting",
+        description="Daily city travel",
+        metric_bounds=[
+            MetricBound("speed", weight=0.25, norm_min=5, norm_max=120),
+            MetricBound("cost_efficiency", weight=0.25, norm_min=0.01, norm_max=2.0),
+            MetricBound("safety", weight=0.25, norm_min=0.0, norm_max=1.0),
+            MetricBound("availability", weight=0.15, norm_min=0.0, norm_max=1.0),
+            MetricBound("range_fuel", weight=0.10, norm_min=5, norm_max=500),
+        ],
+    )
--- a/tests/test_combinator.py
+++ b/tests/test_combinator.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+"""Tests for the Cartesian product combinator."""
+
+import pytest
+
+from physcom.engine.combinator import generate_combinations
+from physcom.models.entity import Entity
+
+
+def test_generates_cartesian_product(seeded_repo):
+    combos = generate_combinations(seeded_repo, ["platform", "power_source"])
+    # 9 platforms x 9 power sources = 81
+    assert len(combos) == 81
+
+
+def test_each_combo_has_one_per_dimension(seeded_repo):
+    combos = generate_combinations(seeded_repo, ["platform", "power_source"])
+    for combo in combos:
+        dims = [e.dimension for e in combo.entities]
+        assert "platform" in dims
+        assert "power_source" in dims
+        assert len(combo.entities) == 2
+
+
+def test_missing_dimension_raises(seeded_repo):
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="No entities found"):
+        generate_combinations(seeded_repo, ["platform", "nonexistent"])
--- a/tests/test_constraint_resolver.py
+++ b/tests/test_constraint_resolver.py
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+"""Tests for the constraint resolver engine."""
+
+from physcom.engine.constraint_resolver import ConstraintResolver
+from physcom.models.combination import Combination
+from physcom.models.entity import Entity, Dependency
+
+
+def test_compatible_ground_combo(bicycle, human_pedalling):
+    """Bicycle + Human Pedalling should be valid."""
+    resolver = ConstraintResolver()
+    combo = Combination(entities=[bicycle, human_pedalling])
+    result = resolver.resolve(combo)
+    assert result.status != "blocked", f"Unexpected block: {result.violations}"
+
+
+def test_solar_sail_blocks_with_walking(walking, solar_sail):
+    """Walking (ground) + Solar Sail (space) should be blocked by medium mutex."""
+    resolver = ConstraintResolver()
+    combo = Combination(entities=[walking, solar_sail])
+    result = resolver.resolve(combo)
+    assert result.status == "blocked"
+    assert any("mutually exclusive" in v for v in result.violations)
+
+
+def test_spaceship_compatible_with_solar_sail(spaceship, solar_sail):
+    """Spaceship + Solar Sail both need space/vacuum — should not conflict."""
+    resolver = ConstraintResolver()
+    combo = Combination(entities=[spaceship, solar_sail])
+    result = resolver.resolve(combo)
+    # Should not be blocked by atmosphere or medium
+    medium_blocks = [v for v in result.violations if "mutually exclusive" in v]
+    assert len(medium_blocks) == 0
+
+
+def test_nuclear_reactor_blocks_with_bicycle(bicycle, nuclear_reactor):
+    """Nuclear reactor min_mass=2000kg vs bicycle max_mass=30kg → range incompatibility."""
+    resolver = ConstraintResolver()
+    combo = Combination(entities=[bicycle, nuclear_reactor])
+    result = resolver.resolve(combo)
+    assert result.status == "blocked"
+    assert any("mass" in v.lower() for v in result.violations)
+
+
+def test_force_scale_mismatch_blocks():
+    """A platform needing 1MW and a power source providing 1W → force deficit block."""
+    platform = Entity(
+        name="HeavyPlatform", dimension="platform",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_required_watts", "1000000", "watts", "range_min"),
+        ],
+    )
+    power = Entity(
+        name="TinyPower", dimension="power_source",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "1", "watts", "provides"),
+        ],
+    )
+    resolver = ConstraintResolver()
+    combo = Combination(entities=[platform, power])
+    result = resolver.resolve(combo)
+    assert result.status == "blocked"
+    assert any("force deficit" in v for v in result.violations)
+
+
+def test_force_under_powered_warning():
+    """Power source slightly below requirement → warning, not block."""
+    platform = Entity(
+        name="MedPlatform", dimension="platform",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_required_watts", "1000", "watts", "range_min"),
+        ],
+    )
+    power = Entity(
+        name="WeakPower", dimension="power_source",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("force", "force_output_watts", "500", "watts", "provides"),
+        ],
+    )
+    resolver = ConstraintResolver()
+    combo = Combination(entities=[platform, power])
+    result = resolver.resolve(combo)
+    # Under-powered but within 100x → warning, not block
+    assert result.status != "blocked"
+    assert any("under-powered" in w for w in result.warnings)
+
+
+def test_requires_vs_excludes():
+    """Direct requires/excludes contradiction."""
+    a = Entity(
+        name="A", dimension="platform",
+        dependencies=[Dependency("environment", "oxygen", "true", None, "requires")],
+    )
+    b = Entity(
+        name="B", dimension="power_source",
+        dependencies=[Dependency("environment", "oxygen", "true", None, "excludes")],
+    )
+    resolver = ConstraintResolver()
+    combo = Combination(entities=[a, b])
+    result = resolver.resolve(combo)
+    assert result.status == "blocked"
+    assert any("excludes" in v for v in result.violations)
+
+
+def test_ice_engine_blocks_with_spaceship(spaceship, ice_engine):
+    """ICE requires standard atmosphere, spaceship requires vacuum_or_thin → mutex."""
+    resolver = ConstraintResolver()
+    combo = Combination(entities=[spaceship, ice_engine])
+    result = resolver.resolve(combo)
+    assert result.status == "blocked"
+    assert any("atmosphere" in v for v in result.violations)
+
+
+def test_hydrogen_bicycle_valid(bicycle, hydrogen_engine):
+    """Hydrogen bike — the README's example of a plausible novel concept."""
+    resolver = ConstraintResolver()
+    combo = Combination(entities=[bicycle, hydrogen_engine])
+    result = resolver.resolve(combo)
+    # Should pass constraints (mass range is compatible: h2 min 30kg, bike max 30kg)
+    # This is actually a borderline case — let's just verify no hard physics blocks
+    range_blocks = [v for v in result.violations if "mutually exclusive" in v or "atmosphere" in v]
+    assert len(range_blocks) == 0
--- a/tests/test_pipeline.py
+++ b/tests/test_pipeline.py
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+"""Tests for the multi-pass pipeline."""
+
+from physcom.engine.constraint_resolver import ConstraintResolver
+from physcom.engine.scorer import Scorer
+from physcom.engine.pipeline import Pipeline
+from physcom.llm.providers.mock import MockLLMProvider
+
+
+def test_pass1_filters_impossible_combos(seeded_repo):
+    """Pass 1 should block known-impossible combinations (e.g., solar sail + walking)."""
+    domain = seeded_repo.get_domain("urban_commuting")
+    resolver = ConstraintResolver()
+    scorer = Scorer(domain)
+    pipeline = Pipeline(seeded_repo, resolver, scorer)
+
+    result = pipeline.run(domain, ["platform", "power_source"], passes=[1])
+
+    assert result.total_generated == 81
+    assert result.pass1_blocked > 0
+    assert result.pass1_valid + result.pass1_conditional + result.pass1_blocked == 81
+
+
+def test_pass123_produces_scored_results(seeded_repo):
+    """Passes 1-3 should produce a scored shortlist."""
+    domain = seeded_repo.get_domain("urban_commuting")
+    resolver = ConstraintResolver()
+    scorer = Scorer(domain)
+    pipeline = Pipeline(seeded_repo, resolver, scorer)
+
+    result = pipeline.run(
+        domain, ["platform", "power_source"],
+        score_threshold=0.01, passes=[1, 2, 3, 5],
+    )
+
+    assert result.pass2_estimated > 0
+    assert result.pass3_above_threshold > 0
+
+
+def test_pass4_with_mock_llm(seeded_repo):
+    """Pass 4 should annotate with LLM review."""
+    domain = seeded_repo.get_domain("urban_commuting")
+    resolver = ConstraintResolver()
+    scorer = Scorer(domain)
+    mock_llm = MockLLMProvider(default_estimates={
+        "speed": 50.0, "cost_efficiency": 0.5, "safety": 0.6,
+        "availability": 0.7, "range_fuel": 200.0,
+    })
+    pipeline = Pipeline(seeded_repo, resolver, scorer, llm=mock_llm)
+
+    result = pipeline.run(
+        domain, ["platform", "power_source"],
+        score_threshold=0.01, passes=[1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
+    )
+
+    assert result.pass4_reviewed > 0
+
+
+def test_blocked_combos_not_scored(seeded_repo):
+    """Blocked combinations should not make it to scoring."""
+    domain = seeded_repo.get_domain("urban_commuting")
+    resolver = ConstraintResolver()
+    scorer = Scorer(domain)
+    pipeline = Pipeline(seeded_repo, resolver, scorer)
+
+    result = pipeline.run(
+        domain, ["platform", "power_source"],
+        score_threshold=0.0, passes=[1, 2, 3, 5],
+    )
+
+    # Estimated count should be less than total (blocked ones filtered)
+    assert result.pass2_estimated < result.total_generated
+    assert result.pass2_estimated == result.pass1_valid + result.pass1_conditional
--- a/tests/test_repository.py
+++ b/tests/test_repository.py
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+"""Tests for the database repository."""
+
+from physcom.models.entity import Entity, Dependency
+from physcom.models.domain import Domain, MetricBound
+
+
+def test_ensure_dimension(repo):
+    dim_id = repo.ensure_dimension("platform", "Vehicle platforms")
+    assert dim_id > 0
+    # Idempotent
+    dim_id2 = repo.ensure_dimension("platform", "Vehicle platforms")
+    assert dim_id == dim_id2
+
+
+def test_add_and_get_entity(repo):
+    entity = Entity(
+        name="TestBike",
+        dimension="platform",
+        description="A test bicycle",
+        dependencies=[
+            Dependency("environment", "ground_surface", "true", None, "requires"),
+        ],
+    )
+    saved = repo.add_entity(entity)
+    assert saved.id is not None
+
+    loaded = repo.get_entity(saved.id)
+    assert loaded is not None
+    assert loaded.name == "TestBike"
+    assert loaded.dimension == "platform"
+    assert len(loaded.dependencies) == 1
+    assert loaded.dependencies[0].key == "ground_surface"
+
+
+def test_list_entities_by_dimension(repo):
+    repo.add_entity(Entity(name="A", dimension="platform"))
+    repo.add_entity(Entity(name="B", dimension="platform"))
+    repo.add_entity(Entity(name="C", dimension="power_source"))
+
+    platforms = repo.list_entities(dimension="platform")
+    assert len(platforms) == 2
+
+    all_entities = repo.list_entities()
+    assert len(all_entities) == 3
+
+
+def test_add_and_get_domain(repo):
+    domain = Domain(
+        name="test_domain",
+        description="A test domain",
+        metric_bounds=[
+            MetricBound("speed", weight=0.5, norm_min=0, norm_max=100),
+            MetricBound("safety", weight=0.5, norm_min=0, norm_max=1),
+        ],
+    )
+    saved = repo.add_domain(domain)
+    assert saved.id is not None
+
+    loaded = repo.get_domain("test_domain")
+    assert loaded is not None
+    assert loaded.name == "test_domain"
+    assert len(loaded.metric_bounds) == 2
+    assert loaded.metric_bounds[0].metric_name == "speed"
+
+
+def test_combination_save_and_dedup(repo):
+    e1 = repo.add_entity(Entity(name="A", dimension="platform"))
+    e2 = repo.add_entity(Entity(name="B", dimension="power_source"))
+
+    from physcom.models.combination import Combination
+    combo = Combination(entities=[e1, e2])
+    saved = repo.save_combination(combo)
+    assert saved.id is not None
+
+    # Same entities, same hash → should not create duplicate
+    combo2 = Combination(entities=[e1, e2])
+    saved2 = repo.save_combination(combo2)
+    assert saved2.id == saved.id
+
+
+def test_seed_loads(seeded_repo):
+    platforms = seeded_repo.list_entities(dimension="platform")
+    power_sources = seeded_repo.list_entities(dimension="power_source")
+    assert len(platforms) == 9
+    assert len(power_sources) == 9
+
+    domains = seeded_repo.list_domains()
+    assert len(domains) == 2
--- a/tests/test_scorer.py
+++ b/tests/test_scorer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+"""Tests for the scoring engine."""
+
+import math
+
+import pytest
+
+from physcom.engine.scorer import normalize, composite_score, Scorer
+from physcom.models.combination import Combination
+from physcom.models.entity import Entity
+
+
+class TestNormalize:
+    def test_below_min_is_zero(self):
+        assert normalize(3.0, 5.0, 120.0) == 0.0
+
+    def test_at_min_is_zero(self):
+        assert normalize(5.0, 5.0, 120.0) == 0.0
+
+    def test_above_max_is_one(self):
+        assert normalize(200.0, 5.0, 120.0) == 1.0
+
+    def test_at_max_is_one(self):
+        assert normalize(120.0, 5.0, 120.0) == 1.0
+
+    def test_mid_range_is_between_zero_and_one(self):
+        result = normalize(50.0, 5.0, 120.0)
+        assert 0.0 < result < 1.0
+
+    def test_monotonically_increasing(self):
+        """Higher raw values should give higher normalized scores."""
+        scores = [normalize(v, 5.0, 120.0) for v in [10, 30, 60, 90, 110]]
+        for a, b in zip(scores, scores[1:]):
+            assert a < b
+
+    def test_degenerate_bounds(self):
+        """norm_min >= norm_max should return 0."""
+        assert normalize(50.0, 100.0, 50.0) == 0.0
+
+    def test_zero_min(self):
+        """norm_min=0 should work (log1p(0)=0)."""
+        result = normalize(0.5, 0.0, 1.0)
+        assert 0.0 < result < 1.0
+
+
+class TestCompositeScore:
+    def test_all_ones(self):
+        assert composite_score([1.0, 1.0, 1.0], [0.33, 0.33, 0.34]) == pytest.approx(1.0, abs=0.01)
+
+    def test_single_zero_kills(self):
+        """Any score of 0 should make composite 0."""
+        assert composite_score([0.0, 1.0, 1.0], [0.33, 0.33, 0.34]) == 0.0
+
+    def test_empty(self):
+        assert composite_score([], []) == 0.0
+
+    def test_low_score_dominates(self):
+        """A single low score should dramatically reduce the composite."""
+        high = composite_score([0.9, 0.9, 0.9], [0.33, 0.33, 0.34])
+        mixed = composite_score([0.9, 0.9, 0.1], [0.33, 0.33, 0.34])
+        assert mixed < high * 0.5
+
+    def test_weighted_geometric_mean(self):
+        """Manual verification of weighted geometric mean."""
+        # s = 0.5^0.5 * 0.8^0.5 = sqrt(0.5) * sqrt(0.8)
+        expected = (0.5 ** 0.5) * (0.8 ** 0.5)
+        assert composite_score([0.5, 0.8], [0.5, 0.5]) == pytest.approx(expected)
+
+
+class TestScorer:
+    def test_scorer_produces_valid_result(self, urban_domain):
+        scorer = Scorer(urban_domain)
+        combo = Combination(entities=[
+            Entity(name="Car", dimension="platform"),
+            Entity(name="ICE", dimension="power_source"),
+        ])
+        combo.id = 1
+        raw = {"speed": 60.0, "cost_efficiency": 0.5, "safety": 0.7,
+               "availability": 0.8, "range_fuel": 400}
+        result = scorer.score_combination(combo, raw)
+        assert 0.0 < result.composite_score <= 1.0
+        assert len(result.scores) == 5
+
+    def test_scorer_zero_metric_kills_score(self, urban_domain):
+        scorer = Scorer(urban_domain)
+        combo = Combination(entities=[])
+        combo.id = 1
+        raw = {"speed": 60.0, "cost_efficiency": 0.0, "safety": 0.7,
+               "availability": 0.8, "range_fuel": 400}
+        result = scorer.score_combination(combo, raw)
+        assert result.composite_score == 0.0
				`@@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				`"""Physical Combinatorics — innovation via attribute mixing."""`
				`@@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				`"""PhysCom Web — Flask UI for Physical Combinatorics."""`